Nutrition CH 11 and 12 Questions

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ETI Technical College *

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NUR106

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Chemistry

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Dec 6, 2023

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Nutrition CH 11 CH 12 1. At birth, what reflexes are present in an infant? P.181-182__ The rooting reflex is present in an infant. Rooting reflex occurs when an infant's cheek is stroked or touched. The infant will turn toward the stimuli and make sucking motions in an effort to nurse. The sucking reflex as well. 2. How should foods be prepared for infants? P. __182_ __ Breast milk or an appropriate breast milk substitute, Heat in a bowl of warm water. 3. Describe the growth phase in childhood as compared to infancy and adolescence. P. 174 ___ Both infancy and adolescence are stages of rapid growth, whereas growth rate in childhood slows and becomes irregular. 4. How is a child’s physical growth evaluated during a checkup? P._175_ _ Growth charts provide an assessment tool for measuring height and weight growth patterns for infants, children, and adolescents. 5. Describe what your author recommends as a good source of energy for children? P. _179 __ Carbohydrates are the preferred energy source. 6. During childhood what are most calories required for? P. 175 _ Basal metabolism and tissue growth. 7. What are examples of foods that provide building material for tissue growth? P. __179__ _ Protein rich food such as lean meats, 8. What is the approximate daily fluid need during growth years for infants 7-12 months? P. __179_ 0.8 liters a day___________ ________________________

9. Describe the body fluid of infants and young children as compared with adults. P. __179 _ An infants generally consumes 10-15% of his or her body weight while an adult consumes 2-4% of their body weight. 10. Why is calcium important for a growing child and what are examples of good food sources? P. _179__ Calcium is necessary for proper bone growth due to the 99% of the human body being made of calcium. Good food sources is milk or milk substitutes and whole grains. 11. What does your author write about breast milk? P. __182_ It is the ideal first food for infants. The breast milk adapts to match the needs of the developing child. The fat content changed from the beginning to the end of a single feeding. 12. What does your author tell you about the overuse of supplements? P. __180 _ Lack of knowledge or inattention may result in excess intake over prolonged periods.Toxicity in infants and children is possible. Vitamins A and D are a special concern in children. 13. What does your author say about the feeding process between an infant and parents? P. __183 _ Throughout the feeding process, observant parents quickly learn to recognize their baby's sign of hunger and satiety and to follow the baby's lead. The feeding process is a bonding experience. 15. Describe low birth weight and very low birth weight. P. 181 _ Low birth weight(LBW) weigh less than 2500g (5lb 8 oz). Very low birth weight weight less than 1500g (3lb 5oz) 16. What is the most suitable first solid food for an infant 6 months of age? P. __184_ Iron-fortified infant cereal made from rice, barley, or oats. Pureed baby food,

17. Describe what your author states is the ideal food for newborns. P. _185 __ Breastfeed and a supplement with a vitamin k shot at birth and daily vitamin d drops. Iron-fortified formula if they are not breast feeding 18.Discuss the nutritional advantages of breastfeeding. P. _182__ Breast milk adapts in composition to match the needs of the developing child. 19. What is the recommended practice to introduce solid foods to an infant’s diet? P. __184_ __ Introduce solid foods at approximately 6 months of age, after the extrusion reflex of early infancy disappears and the ability to swallow solid food is present. 20. What is a safety concern about putting babies to sleep with a bottle? P. _183_ _ It allows milk to poll on the mouth which can cause choking, earache, or baby bottle tooth decay(natural bacteria in the mouth feed on carbohydrates, thereby producing enamel-damaging acid.) 21, What does your book reveal about avoiding which type of milk for infants? P. _183__ Avoiding cow's milk because it provides too high of a solute load for the infants gastrointestinal tract ad renal system. 21. Describe the type of portions young children should be offered at mealtime? P. _186 __ Young children should receive small portions at mealtime. If they are hungry they can ask for more. 22. What is failure to thrive? P. _189_ _ It describes infants, children, or adolescents who do not grow and develop normally. The factors might be clinical disease, neuromotor problems, dietary practices, unusual nutrient needs or losses, and psychosocial problems.

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