CIVE322REPORT

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Dec 6, 2023

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CIVE 322 – Environmental Engineering Water Treatment Plant Field Trip Report Department of Civil Engineering University of Louisiana at Lafayette May 1, 2020 Prepared by: Fahad Bux_________________________________________________________________________ Garrett Menard_____________________________________________________________________ Moahmmed Al Balushi_______________________________________________________________ Shay Broussard_____________________________________________________________________ Tanner Shaddox_____________________________________________________________________ Seth Benoit_________________________________________________________________________ Submitted to: Dr. Daniel Gang

TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction……………………………………….……..………………… ........................................... 5 II. Raw Water Characteristics…….……………………………………………… ..................................... 8 III. Process, Configuration, and Layout ………………………………………… ...................................... 9 IV. Finished Water Quality ……………….. ............................................................................................. 14 V. Discussion ............................................................................................................................................. 15 VI. References……………………………………………………………………… ................................ 16 2

LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Aquifer Water Source……..…………………………………….……… ................................... 9 Figure 2: Aquifer Water Source ……………………………..………….………………………………..9 Figure 3: Chlorine Tanks….……………………………………….……………………………………...9 Figure 4: Sand Filtration Control panel .... ………………………… .... ……. …………………………….10 Figure 5: Backwash Settling Tank………….………………………………...……………………… ..... 10 Figure 6: Process Flow Diagram…...…………………………………………………………………….12 Figure 7: Plant Layout……………………………………………………………. ……………………...13 3

LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Raw Water Characteristics...….………………………...…………… ......................................... 8 Table 2: Flow Capacities/Dimensions …………...…………….………….…… ...................................... 11 Table 3: Chemical Usage..…………….………………… .... …………………………………………….11 Table 4: Power Input…………………………………………………………………………... ………...12 Table 5: Finished Water Quality Characteristics .... …..……… .... ………………………………………..14 4

I. Introduction and Background Life is linked to water, it is just another definition for life. On earth, there would be no existence of life without water, it’s the most essential and valuable resource. Approximately the water covers 71% of earth’s surface, 97.4% of water is found in the ocean, the other 2.6% is freshwater that is founded in ice caps, and groundwater with a percentage of 1.98% and 0.59% respectively. There are many major pollution sources that could affect the water on the earth and make it harmful such as pathogens, nutrients, synthetic organic, oxygen demanding wastes, etc. Therefore, extracting clear healthy water is an issue that needs to be addressed. Our whole human civilization was built on the use of water. Throughout history, civilization had faced challenges to produce clear drinking water. In the past, the water was examined to make sure it is safe and drinkable by looking at how clear the water is and if its taste had changed. In ancient Egypt, finding water wasn’t easy to find. For most Egyptians, the river Nil was the only source of drinking water. People would wash themselves, wash their bodies and clean their clothes in the Nil. The bacteria in the water was causing people to feel ill. As a solution, chemicals such as alum were added; it acts as a magnum to remove any harmful bacteria from the water. However, the problem was still not solved. During the period of Greeks, Hippocrates (the father of medicine) studied how dirty water affected people’s health. He developed a way by using a cloth to strain water through capturing any water before boiling it. In the early mid 1600s, Francis Bacon discovered a fundamental part of purifying water by using a method called sand filtration. This method has straightened the path for clearer purified water. Additionally, a Dutch scientist Antonio Leeuwenhoek in 1674 observed the first bacteria using the microscope on water. This discovery was the first step that helped produce the method of water treatment that we know of today. Nowadays, water goes through a series of steps and processes before it is filtered and made safe to use. After the water is collected from its main source, it flows from the intake point (river, lake, etc…), then goes through a treatment plant, to a storage tank that then distributes the water to our houses through various pipe systems. The community being aware of healthy drinking water established an Environmental protection agency (EPA) in 1970. Setting standards and regulation to protect the public health. Primary standards which are legally enforceable standards that apply to public water systems to protect the public health by limiting the level of contaminants in drinking water. Secondary standards are the non-enforceable guidelines regulating contaminants that may cause cosmetic or aesthetic effects in drinking water. one notable standard of water that should be met is that the mercury concentration should not exceed 0.002mg/l. 5

Lafayette Utilities Systems (LUS), was established in 1896 to improve the quality of life for Lafayette residents. LUS is a governmental cooperation that offers quality water, electricity, telecommunications and wastewater. It is the largest department of the Lafayette Consolidated Government(LCG) and it employs more than 550 people. People benefit from it because it has the lowest residential electric utility in the states. LUS has more than 54,000 retail customers. It has four water production facilities with a capacity totaling 53 million gallons and an average of daily production of 23 million gallons. More than 900 miles of water distribution pipe. 31.13 million gallons were the highest peak of production on June 2, 2011. The water is derived from the Chicot Aquifer, covering the southwestern region of Louisiana. LUS south treatment plant was built in 1980. To build the plant, LCG has sold municipal bonds. The companies that were contracted to construct the plan were May engineering and Cajun contractors. The plant is classified at a rated capacity of 23 MGD. The plant serves about 120,000 of the southern Lafayette parish. The operational conditions consist of fourteen operators and seven maintenance workers with two workers on shift. No experience is needed, however a total of six month of training will be required. Additionally, after the training, the employee should acquire class 4 of treatment and production certification through Louisiana health department. 90-95% of water treatment plants are automated and computerized with little manual help. The LUS south water treatment plant facilitates many processes, and makes use of various equipment, the two biggest wells that plant has could each produce about four million gallons a day. The accumulated sludge after the digestion is sent to the local farms for fertilization and using it as a soil. The amount that is produced or the number of wells that needs to operate depends on the demand of water. As the population increases the demand for water increases. Additionally, it varies from season to season. Mostly in the summer the demand for water is increased due to the hot weather, dehydration, cleaning cars. During the pandemic of covid-19, the LUS water treatment plant is entering the yearly peak demand according to Keenan Menard, the water operations supervisor. Running a corporation such as the LUS south treatment plant requires employment of a large number of employees. According to the annual budget of the water treatment department, the total annual personnel costs in the fiscal year 2015-2016 is estimated around $1.8 million. In addition, the non-personnel costs of the plant are estimated to be around $3.7 million, adding up to a total of around $5.5 million for the total estimated costs for the fiscal year. 6

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