Assigned Reading #4

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University of Alberta *

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Communications

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Jan 9, 2024

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Assigned Reading #4 A. Textbook Readings- Chapter 14 1. Explain the phrase "social media as citizen journalism". (345 and Think Globally Box, 14.2) - In Canada, social media play a role in raising awareness of Indigenous issues. - Social media sites like Twitter and Facebook allow citizens to publish their perspectives and can serve as reliable sources of information outside of mainstream news. - Both blogs and posts on social media sites highlight the power of personal narratives, unlike framed stories in the mass media, which are heavily edited and sometimes censored. - Utilizing social media to serve as a communication tool for social justice can generate awareness, build communities, unite ideas, and share narratives. 2. Explain the difference between the public sphere and the private sphere. (352-353) - Public sphere: ● media that are owned by the government yet operate at arms- length ● It represents the public's interest; uniquely represents Canadian values and content ● It provides content and services in both official languages ● It serves as a watchdog over governmental decision-making and operations ● It provides free access to services and content ● It follows educational, cultural, and social goals in content provision ● It presents for people in remote regions, where other profit-based services are usually not available - Private sphere: ● Four key national players: Bell Canada, Corus Entertainment, Rogers Communications, and Quebecor. ● It is privately owned media by corporations - often owned and controlled by a few wealthy and influential

individuals and families. ● follows a profit maximization model, where decisions are made based on the likelihood of increasing revenue. ● have several sources of income - e.g. revenues from sales of magazines, daily newspapers, and tickets to movies, also comes from advertisements (large proportion). ● The high concentration of media ownership restricts the public's sources of information and types of content available. - For example, Rogers, a privately owned media enterprise in Canada, has stakes in television, radio, and magazines. This gives Rogers the opportunity to manipulate or suppress any news that negatively affects the company's activities across those media (Babe & Potter, 2015). 3. The education system currently faces several challenges regarding media literacy skills. Explain. (362) - It is important for people to not only have the skills to find relevant information through searches, but they must equally be able to evaluate the reliability of digital resources. The spread of misinformation and disinformation can have real harm to health. So, being able to detect misinformation has become critically important. - It is equally important to teach skills for producing content. Digital literacy is more than just the ability to use software or operate a digital device; it includes a variety of "complex cognitive, motor, sociological, and emotional skills, which users need in order to function effectively in digital environments. - To prepare students with the right skill set to take on twenty-first-century jobs. Teachers in the elementary and secondary school systems often lack digital skills. Developing and updating digital skills helps people take full advantage of the resources available online for finding information, getting a job, and connecting with friends and family.

4. Differentiate between digital immigrants and digital natives. (363) - Digital immigrants: People who have learned how to use digital technologies later in life and have been generally slow and apprehensive in adopting novel forms of communication. - Digital natives: People who have grown up with digital technologies and did not know a time without the internet. B. Article Reading Retrieve the following article from the online library: Kristen Gilchrist (2010). “ Newsworthy ” Victims ? Exploring differences in Canadian local press coverage of missing / murdered Aboriginal and White women. Feminist Media Studies, 10:4, 373-390. Answer the following Questions : 1. Aboriginal women are considered ‘the most victimized group in Canadian society. Why? (373) - The multiple and connecting dimensions of inequality - The intersectional/interlocking nature of racism, sexism, classism, and colonialism compound the vulnerabilities - The racialization of Aboriginal women—the process by which they are racially marked and subjected to institutional and everyday racism. ^ associated with victimization, such as childhood maltreatment, social disorder in one's neighbourhood, homelessness, drug use, or poor mental health. 2. What does ‘newsworthiness’ mean? What is considered ‘newsworthy events’ according to Ericson and colleagues (1987;1991) and Greer (2003)? (374- 375) - Newsworthiness is defined as “ what makes a story worth telling” (Jiwani 2006, p. 38). - The specific criteria of newsworthiness can change depending on the individual reporter or news organization (Chermak 1995). - Generally speaking, newsworthy events are those considered to be

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