Lab_9_FA2023

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University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign *

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120

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Computer Science

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Dec 6, 2023

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ATMS 120: Fall 2023 Name and NetID:_________________________________________ Lab #9: Flooding Due November 29, 2023 @ 11:59PM Part #1: What Type of Flood? (1 point each) For each question below, select either Flash Flood, Widespread Flood, or Coastal Flood. 1. This type of flood is most common in Illinois in July. _____________________ 2. This type of flood is most common on small rivers and streams. _____________________ 3. This type of flood is the most deadly. _____________________ 4. This type of flood is often enhanced by a full moon. ____________________ 5. This type of flood is often caused by storm surge. _____________________ 6. This type of flood is the most costly. _____________________ 7. This type of flood is most common in mountainous regions. _____________________ 8. This type of flood is often caused by slow-moving thunderstorms. _____________________ 9. This type of flood occurs along major river systems, like the Mississippi. ________________ 10. This type of flood is sometimes caused by nor’easters. _____________________ Part #2: Flood Return Times (2 points each) 1. Suppose that a 50-year flood occurs in your location this year. What are the odds (expressed as a percentage) that your location experiences another flood of the same magnitude in the next 12 months? 2. What are the odds (expressed as a percentage) that your location experiences two 100-year floods in the year 2025? © 2023 Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign 1
ATMS 120: Fall 2023 Part #3: Thunderstorm Rainfall 1. Consider a line of thunderstorms is 25 miles wide and suppose (for simplicity) that the rainfall rate everywhere within this band of thunderstorms is 2.5 inch per hour. Assume that the line of thunderstorms is oriented in a north-south direction and that it moves due east. How much rain will fall at a location over which the storms pass if the storms are racing by at 30 mph (3 points) ? 2. By what factor would the total rainfall at a location increase if the storms only moved eastward at 10 mph (2 points) ? 3. What conclusion can you draw between the speed of thunderstorms and the risk of flooding (2 points) ? Part #4 How Much Water and Energy are in a Thunderstorm (6 points)? Thunderstorms that form east of the Rocky Mountains obtain their moisture primarily from evaporated water from the Gulf of Mexico. That water vapor, when condensed within a thunderstorm, creates the thunderstorm’s clouds and vast amounts of energy are released into the atmosphere in the form of latent heat. Let’s calculate how much water and energy is in a large thunderstorm complex. Determine the total number of gallons of water in this storm and also the total energy released in the storm expressed in megatons and joules. You must show your work to get credit. Assumptions: Each cubic centimeter (cm 3 ) contains 7.5*10 -7 grams of water (7.5*10 -7 g/cm 3 ) The storm’s dimensions are 40 km wide, 200 km long and 12 km tall. 1 gallon of water = 3785 grams of water Each gram of water in the cloud releases 2260 Joules of energy as it condenses (2260 J/g) A 1-megaton nuclear bomb releases 4.18 x 10 15 Joules of energy © 2023 Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign 2
ATMS 120: Fall 2023 Part #5: Flooding from Hurricane Florence (8 points) Hurricane Florence (2018) produced disastrous flooding in North Carolina and South Carolina. This hurricane did exactly what meteorologists fear – it stalled over the same area for a couple of days, just like we saw with Dorian this semester. Below is a map that depicts the total accumulated rainfall from Florence. Use the information below to estimate the total volume of water that fell from Hurricane Florence in gallons . Info: Area (square miles) Depth (inches) 155,819 1 146,200 2 131,245 3 98,234 4 82,003 5 44,550 6 39,250 7 33,444 8 31,304 9 25,989 10 15,500 15 14,600 20 9,900 25 8,880 30 2,302 35 123 40 66 45 32 50 1 gallon of water = 231 in 3 . You may want to use a spreadsheet to help you with this calculation. If you do, please include a screenshot of the spreadsheet in lieu of showing your work. *** Be sure you don’t count area twice! For example, the area of 2 inches of rain overlaps the area of 1 inch of rain. © 2023 Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign 3
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