ECO 204 Week 3 Dis 1

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University Of Arizona *

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204

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Economics

Date

Feb 20, 2024

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docx

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2

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Distinguish between the short run and the long run. What will differentiate the short run and the long run? The short run is the period during which some inputs are fixed and unchangeable, while others are variable. The long run is the period during which all inputs are variable (“Long Run Versus Short Run | Encyclopedia.com,” n.d.). Describe fixed inputs and variable inputs. Which inputs are fixed, and which are variable in Sarah’s bakery? Variable inputs are known to fluctuate or be less constant throughout production functions, such as labor, physical energy, utilities, and fuel. Fixed inputs are those that are constant in quantity or a stable means of production that does vary daily, such as the business property, machinery used within, or outsourced labor. T he fixed inputs are the ovens, and the variable input is the part-time hourly bakers. Why would marginal productivity decline after a certain level of production? Marginal productivity is defined in the text (Amacher, 2019) as "the change in total output that is produced by a unit change in an input." If Sarah's company is successful, she may have added more employees to assist satisfy demand, which led to the production of more goods. When Sarah's bakery reaches a particular level of output during the holiday season or if there is new competition nearby, marginal productivity may start to drop. How can this problem of diminishing returns or marginal productivity be reduced or removed? By keeping stable the variable inputs like labor and materials as low as possible while considering the fixed inputs available in managing the cost of production, it is possible to reduce the problem of diminishing returns or marginal productivity rather than overpricing baked goods due to expensive or alternative labor and materials. Reference: Long Run versus Short Run | Encyclopedia.com. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.encyclopedia.com/finance/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ long-run-versus-short-run#:~:text=The%20short%20run%20is%20the,as%20well%20as %20variable%20inputs .
Amacher, R., & Pate, J. (2019). Principles of microeconomics (2 nd ed.). Bridgepoint Education.
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