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: U.S. Economy Showing Resilience in Recovery Written By
: Ben Casselman Date
Written
: 26 January 2024 Summary
: The U.S. economy exhibited resilience in the face of the pandemic's challenges, with GDP growth at 3.3% in the fourth quarter of 2023, though slightly slower than the previous quarter. Throughout 2023, the economy saw healthy growth, low unemployment, and controlled inflation, defying predictions of a recession despite the Federal Reserve's aggressive interest-rate increases. The data, including a 1.7% annual consumer price increase and strong performance in consumer spending and business investment, suggests a robust recovery, prompting optimism for
continued growth in 2024, although some risks, such as rising unemployment claims and global uncertainties, persist. ‘
In the podcast from module 1, Professor Laura Curran discusses the function of social welfare. Through the podcast, readers can learn how welfare ensures social control and provides economic security (Curran, 2024). This article relates to these concepts of accessing critical goods and services and social control. While the article doesn't explicitly discuss education, health care, nutrition, and housing, the positive economic trends can indirectly influence the accessibility of these services by contributing to a more stable and prosperous society. The article
also mentions potential risks, including rising unemployment claims and uncertainties in the global landscape. Social welfare policies can act as control mechanisms to mitigate these risks and maintain social order. The emphasis on the criminal justice system as a clear example of social control aligns with the broader idea that welfare programs can serve as mechanisms to manage societal challenges and maintain stability, especially in a society that may experience fractures along social, political, and economic lines.
The economic conditions described in the article suggest a positive outlook, with strong GDP growth, low unemployment, and controlled inflation (Smialek & Casselman, 2024). In the context of social welfare policy, these conditions could influence discussions on how to address the needs of vulnerable populations and enhance overall societal well-being. A potential implication for social policy reform is income inequality. Despite positive economic indicators, addressing income inequality remains a critical social policy goal. Policymakers should implement measures to ensure that the benefits of economic growth are more evenly distributed with targeted assistance programs for low-income individuals and families.
References: Smialek, J., & Casselman, B. (2024, January 26). Economists predicted a recession. so far they’ve been wrong.
The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/26/business/economy/economy-recession-soft-landing.html Curran, L. (2024, January). Module 1: What is social welfare policy? What are human rights and social, economic and environmental justice? – Podcast. Rutgers MSW 504: Social Welfare Policy and Services. Module 1: Social Problems and Social Policy Podcast Lecture
1. **Reassess Social Welfare Programs:** Given the robust economic growth, policymakers may want to reevaluate existing social welfare programs to ensure they are effective and efficiently reaching those in need. Considerations could include adjusting eligibility criteria, benefit levels, and the overall structure of
assistance programs to align with current economic conditions.
2. **Invest in Workforce Development:** With low unemployment and steady job growth, there is an opportunity to focus on workforce development programs. Social policies could emphasize skill-building initiatives, education, and training programs to equip individuals with the tools needed to participate in and contribute to the growing economy.
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Related Questions
Question 3 on Topics 6 & 7
COVID-19 has sent the economy of Classica into recession. The finance ministry has advised the government to lower stamp duty and other purchase service charges for those wanting to buy existing houses in order to boost economic growth. As well, the finance ministry wants the government to also cut company taxes as this will lead to firms increasing their level of investment in the economy. The President of Classica has asked you, as her chief economic advisor, for your views. In particular, she wishes to know the following:
Would a cut in stamp duty and other purchase charges on the purchase of existing houses really boost the economy? Your advise on this is ____________________ (provide your answer and justification on both the immediate and future impact. Feel free to use external resources to assist you in your answer if you prefer).
Is the claim that lower company taxes adding to…
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Can someone help me understand this?
Note:-
Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer.
Take care of plagiarism.
Answer completely.
You will get up vote for sure.
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Scenario: It is the year 2035, and many people in the United States are very happy with the state of the economy. Real GDP has risen steadily over the past year, unemployment is low, and workers are confident they will continue to be employed. People are buying homes, refrigerators, cars, and everyday goods. Inflation is rising though, and people are concerned that prices may be rising faster than their incomes. Nonetheless, the stock market is rising and people remain confident.
Which of the following types of policies should the government employ to address the scenario above, and why?
Expansionary economic policy because the economy needs to be sped up.
Contractionary economic policy because the economy needs to be sped up.
Expansionary economic policy because the economy needs to be slowed down.
Contractionary economic policy because the economy needs to be slowed down.
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Scenario: It is the year 2035, and many people in the United States are very happy with the state of the economy. Real GDP has risen steadily over the past year, unemployment is low, and workers are confident they will continue to be employed. People are buying homes, refrigerators, cars, and everyday goods. Inflation is rising though, and people are concerned that prices may be rising faster than their incomes. Nonetheless, the stock market is rising and people remain confident.
Which of the following statements is true regarding this scenario?
The US is in the expansion phase of the business cycle because Real GDP is rising, unemployment is low, and inflation is rising.
The US is in the expansion phase of the business cycle because Real GDP is rising, unemployment is low, and inflation is rising.
The US is in the contraction phase of the business cycle because people are buying durable and consumer goods and stock market prices are rising.
The US is in the…
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Scenario: It is the year 2035, and many people in the United States are very happy with the state of the economy. Real GDP has risen steadily over the past year, unemployment is low, and workers are confident they will continue to be employed. People are buying homes, refrigerators, cars, and everyday goods. Inflation is rising though, and people are concerned that prices may be rising faster than their incomes. Nonetheless, the stock market is rising and people remain confident.
Which of the following monetary policy combinations enacted by the FED would be appropriate to address this economic scenario?
Increase the money supply by buying bonds and increasing the discount rate
Increase the money supply by buying bonds and increasing the discount rate
Increase the money supply by buying bonds and decreasing the reserve ratio
Increase the money supply by buying bonds and decreasing the reserve ratio
Decrease the money supply by selling bonds and increasing the…
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19. _______________ topics relate to how much money the country makes in a year, how many resources a country imports and exports in a year, and the number of available jobs in the U.S. at a given time.
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Reference equation: Real GDP per capita growth rate = Nominal GDP per capita growth rate
rate.
-
Inflation rate – Population growth
This equation is an approximation of the exact rate of growth of GDP per capita, and so it results in some errors when calculating this
rate. However, the simplified equation is both easy to use and results in small error terms when inflation, nominal GDP growth, and
population growth are low, and so it is a useful approximation. The table below lists a fictional country's nominal GDP, real GDP, GDP
deflator, and population over two years.
Year
2019
2020
Nominal GDP
$1,100,000
$1,200,000
GDP deflator
100
102
Real GDP
(2019 dollars)
$1,100,000
$1,176,471
Population
1,000
1,005
a. Verify that the real GDP values in the above table are accurate.
Instructions: Round your answers to one decimal place.
b. This country's real GDP per capita for 2019 is $
This country's real GDP per capita for 2020 is $
c. The growth rate in this country's real GDP per capita…
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Reference equation: Real GDP per capita growth rate = Nominal GDP per capita growth rate – Inflation rate – Population growth
rate
-
-
This equation is an approximation of the exact rate of growth of GDP per capita, and so it results in some errors when calculating this
rate. However, the simplified equation both is easy to use and results in small error terms when inflation, nominal GDP growth, and
population growth are low, and so it is a useful approximation. The table below lists a fictional country's nominal GDP, real GDP, GDP
deflator, and population over two years.
Year
2017
2018
Nominal GDP
$1,100,000
GDP Deflator
100
105
Real GDP (2017 dollars)
$1,100,000
$1,142,857
Population
1,000
1,005
$1,200,000
Instructions: For part b, round your answers for dollar values to two decimal places (dollars and cents). For parts c-d, round your
answers to one decimal place.
a. Are the real GDP values in the table above accurate? (Click to select)
b. This country's real GDP per capita for 2017…
arrow_forward
The economies of many nations around the globe have been brought on their knees by COVID-19. Just when countries are on the path of recovery from the economic devastation caused by COVID-19, Russia invaded Ukraine which had worsened the economic outlook of the entire world. The nation Ghana as well as firms have not escaped the impact of the terrible events in Ukraine. Rising expenditure, dwindling revenue levels, increasing debt levels coupled with worsening macroeconomic indicators had led to the downgrading of the Ghanaian economy which has affected the ability of the country to go for external debt. In order, to deal with current challenges, the government in a process characterised by controversies passed the Electronic Transfer Levy Act 2022 popularly called E-levy. As the Finance Director of your company, you have been tasked to present a proposal to the Board of Directors on how your company will navigate the turbulent terrain of the Ghanaian economy. Your proposal must address…
arrow_forward
The economies of many nations around the globe have been brought on their knees by COVID-19. Just when
countries are on the path of recovery from the economic devastation caused by COVID-19, Russia invaded
Ukraine which had worsened the economic outlook of the entire world. The nation Ghana as well as firms have
not escaped the impact of the terrible events in Ukraine. Rising expenditure, dwindling revenue levels,
increasing debt levels coupled with worsening macroeconomic indicators had led to the downgrading of the
Ghanaian economy which has affected the ability of the country to go for external debt. In order, to deal with
current challenges, the government in a process characterised by controversies passed the Electronic Transfer
Levy Act 2022 popularly called E-levy. As the Finance Director of your company, you have been tasked to
present a proposal to the Board of Directors on how your company will navigate the turbulent terrain of the
Ghanaian economy. Your proposal must address…
arrow_forward
Emerging economiesEmerging economies that were growing rapidly, particularly Brazil and Russia, are both now in recession which means the income of the economy is shrinking. Commodity prices have played a considerable role in sending these economies into reverse, although this has been compounded by political developments in these countries.The previous major engine of global growth, China, has also seen its economy slowing. Although still growing at a brisk pace compared with mature western economies, by the double digit standards that China set for itself in past decades it Is unquestionably experiencing slower growth. This has happened at the same time as, and is related to, China rebalancing its economic growth model from reliance on exports and capital investment towards domestic consumption and services. One consequence of this has been lower demand for imported commodifies, which has been one factor depressing global prices, particularly in areas like metals.In contrast to…
arrow_forward
Reference equation: Real GDP per capita growth rate ■ Nominal GDP per capita growth rate - Inflation rate - Population growth
rate
This equation is an approximation of the exact rate of growth of GDP per capita, and so it results in some errors when calculating this
rate. However, the simplified equation both is easy to use and results in small error terms when inflation, nominal GDP growth, and
population growth are low, and so it is a useful approximation. The table below lists a fictional country's nominal GDP, real GDP, GDP
deflator, and population over two years.
Year
2017
Nominal GDP
$1,100,000
2018
GDP Deflator
100
104
Real GDP (2017 dollars)
$1,100,000
$1,153,846
Population
1,000
1,005
$1,200,000
Instructions: For part b, round your answers for dollar values to two decimal places (dollars and cents). For parts c-d, round your
answers to one decimal place.
a. Are the real GDP values in the table above accurate? Yes, they are accurate.
b. This country's real GDP per capita for…
arrow_forward
IMF upgrades outlook for the global economy in 2023 Published: Wednesday | February 1, 2023 | 12:34 AM The outlook for the global economy is growing slightly brighter as China eases its zero-COVID policies and the world shows surprising resilience in the face of high inflation, elevated interest rates and Russia’s ongoing war against Ukraine. That’s the view of the International Monetary Fund, IMF, which now expects the world economy to grow 2.9 per cent this year. That forecast is better than the 2.7 per cent expansion for 2023 that the IMF predicted in October, though down from the estimated 3.4 per cent growth in 2022. The IMF noted that the world economy still faces serous risks. They include the possibility that Russia’s war against Ukraine war will escalate, that China will suffer a sharp increase in COVID cases and that high interest rates will cause a financial crisis in debt-laden countries. ###
i. Explain THREE (3) main tasks and functions of the International Monetary Fund.…
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Economics
In terms of Classical Economics and not Keynesian:
World trade has boosted growth rates in many
countries. In around 1980, mainland China opened
its economy to trade and foreign investment. The
Chinese also implemented many institutional
reforms promoting capitalism.
1) Calculate Chinese pre-reform cumulative and
annualized growth rates from 1950 to 1979.
2) Calculate Chinese post-reform cumulative and
annualized growth rates from 1980 to 2019.
3) Please explain the differences in your calculated
numbers using the changes the Chinese
government implemented.
Hint: Use Classical Economic fundamentals to
determine the pre-reform cumulative and
annualized growth rates for the above years and
then explain them. The GDP and growth rates can
be found online in many different places.
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ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS: (Detailed responses (4-5 paragraphs for each question. No short answers please
1. Why did the unemployment rate increase in the year 2020?
2. How has the pandemic impacted inflation?
3. How did Covid-19 effect the stock market?
4. What was the potential impact of Covid-19 on GDP (gross domestic product) and trade?
A. Provide an introduction and the background of your study, and clearly state what your research question or objective is.
What real world issue are you going to research; ie your research idea or objective: III. Briefly explain how the economic theory is related to your real world topic
Recent Trends of Real-World Evidence Report: Produce a report of facts/information to educate us about your chosen real world application. Find news items/articles that provide verifiable facts/data related to your topic of interest (views and opinions expressed via social media are not credible since they are not facts)). These should report recent…
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Question 1: In our imaginary economy, the current rate of economic growth in real terms
is 3%. However, the population of the country is constant at this time but is likely to turn
negative over the next decade. Provide clear and concise answers to the following
questions:
a) What will be happening to the rate of growth of the economy if they do not take
any specific action (use a Cobb-Douglas production function)?
b) What are some of the possible policy actions to address this problem?
in nart I1 with
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Part 1
Please analyse the various components of AD for India. Track the GDP growth of India pre and post COVID.
Analyse the reasons for any changes in the growth rates.
Compare the growth of India with two advance economies and two emerging economies.
PART 2
Mention and evaluate the demand management policies that have been taken by the Indian Government.
You are encouraged to look into the data published by the central bank and statistical organisations of the country. Also please use the appropriate graphs to support your analysis.
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D4)
Finance
please describe the fdi inflow in zimbabwe as a percentage of gdp and explain the possible reasons for the fluctuations
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7.
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The current Ukraine-Russia War threatens the prosperity of the global
economy, and as such, the UK economy. You are working as an
Economist for the HM Treasury and a panel of Members of Parliament
have asked you to provide guidance on the current situation of the
economy and potential demand side and supply side policy interventions
to stabilise the economy. Using economic theory, answer the following:
a. Discuss how this global event, outlined above, could cause actual
growth to deviate away from its potential output in the UK. Why could
it be suggested that there maybe longer run impacts to the UK's
productive capacity?
b. To what extent could deviations in UK real output and the interest rate
cause changes in the equilibrium and disequilibrium level of
unemployment?
c. "Any volatility in output and unemployment because of the War would
be due to slow market adjustment. Domestic policymaking should be
focussed towards re-correcting any longer run rigidities over short run
demand…
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Consumer spending fell significantly at the start of the pandemic by 13.6%, but increased by 5.6% in June. Economists are predicting that in the next few months consumer spending may be positive but at a much lower rate than 5.6% as additional money for unemployment is no longer available, unemployment remains high, and uncertainty of the future. Consumer spending is closely watched since it is a primary predictor of how quickly the economy will recover from the current recession. How do you expect consumer spending might change over the next few months? Why? How has your spending been changing? Are you expecting to make any big purchases in the near future?
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Please see attachment and type out the correct answer ASAP with proper explanation of it. Will give you thumbs up only for the correct answer. Thank you
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26-021-323
Development Economics
Problem Set 2
(1) This question involves detailed numerical calculations and will not be a typical exam
question. But it will help you understand the basic growth model.
The economy of Ping Pong produces its output using capital and labor. The labor force is
growing at 2% per year. At the same time, there is "labor-augmenting" technical progress
at the rate of 3% per year, so that each unit of labor is becoming more productive.
(a) How fast is the effective labor force growing?
(b) Now let's look at production possibilities in Ping Pong. We are going to plot a graph
with capital per unit of effective labor (k) on the horizontal axis and output per effective
unit of labor () on the vertical axis. Here is a description of the "production function" that
relates to k. As long as k is between 0 and 3, output (ŷ) is given by = (1/2)k. After k
trosses the level 3, an additional unit of k only yields one-seventh additional units of ŷ. This
happens until &…
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QUESTION 1
PM: Solid relationship between federal and state governments crucial
KUALA LUMPUR: Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin today underscored the importance of a
strong, solid relationship between the federal and state governments in ensuring that
mutual goals are met. In his speech at the national-level Malaysia Day celebration at the
Sibu Indoor Stadium tonight, the prime minister said any problems could be resolved if
there is a good working relationship between the two entities. He paid tribute to the
Sarawak government leadership for its efforts in resolving talks over the sale of oil and
gas as well as sales tax on petroleum products in the state.
"I believe that when both the federal and state government are on the same page, it is the
people who benefit. God willing, negotiations with the Sabah government will begin after
the Sabah election. What is important is that efforts to develop both states are continued
and increased further with the close cooperation between the federal and…
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NEWS WIRE
NORTH KOREA'S ROCKETS DEEPEN FOOD CRISIS
North Korea's Rocket Launches Cost $1.3 Billion
North Korea's rocket program is costly. In December 2012 North Korea successfully launched a long-range rocket carrying a satellite into space. That feat cost $300 million. The entire cost of the rocket program last year - including the failed launch in April - totaled about $1.3 billion according to estimates by South Korea experts. With that much money North Korea could have purchased 4.6 million tons of corn - enough to feed its population for 4-5 years. North Korea's ambitious nuclear program costs nearly triple that amount. The burden of North Korea's military program is evident in widespread poverty and periodic starvation.
Source: News accounts of December 2012 - January 2013.
According to the News Wire, what is the opportunity cost of North Korea's rocket program in terms of corn for North Korea's 25 million people?
million tons of corn
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Read the following extract and answer questions?South Africa’s economy grew by 1.1% in the first quarter of the year Stats SA has published the latest gross domestic product (GDP) data covering the first quarter of the year, showing that the economy grew by 1.1% in the first three months of 2021.The growth follows a revised 1.4% rise in real GDP in the fourth quarter of 2020. On an annualised basis, theeconomy grew 4.6% quarter-on-quarter. Following confusion caused by the annualisation of GDP data in 2020 – amid the Covid-19 pandemic andresulting lockdowns – Stats SA said it would no longer use the annualised data as the headline GDP statistic. During periods of steady economic growth, annualising is a useful way of expressing quarter-on-quarterperformance in annual terms, Stats SA said. However, during periods of economic instability, annualising can be misleading, because it exaggerates growth rates that are unlikely to be repeated.
Given the information about the South African…
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Related Questions
- Question 3 on Topics 6 & 7 COVID-19 has sent the economy of Classica into recession. The finance ministry has advised the government to lower stamp duty and other purchase service charges for those wanting to buy existing houses in order to boost economic growth. As well, the finance ministry wants the government to also cut company taxes as this will lead to firms increasing their level of investment in the economy. The President of Classica has asked you, as her chief economic advisor, for your views. In particular, she wishes to know the following: Would a cut in stamp duty and other purchase charges on the purchase of existing houses really boost the economy? Your advise on this is ____________________ (provide your answer and justification on both the immediate and future impact. Feel free to use external resources to assist you in your answer if you prefer). Is the claim that lower company taxes adding to…arrow_forwardCan someone help me understand this? Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure.arrow_forwardScenario: It is the year 2035, and many people in the United States are very happy with the state of the economy. Real GDP has risen steadily over the past year, unemployment is low, and workers are confident they will continue to be employed. People are buying homes, refrigerators, cars, and everyday goods. Inflation is rising though, and people are concerned that prices may be rising faster than their incomes. Nonetheless, the stock market is rising and people remain confident. Which of the following types of policies should the government employ to address the scenario above, and why? Expansionary economic policy because the economy needs to be sped up. Contractionary economic policy because the economy needs to be sped up. Expansionary economic policy because the economy needs to be slowed down. Contractionary economic policy because the economy needs to be slowed down.arrow_forward
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- Reference equation: Real GDP per capita growth rate = Nominal GDP per capita growth rate rate. - Inflation rate – Population growth This equation is an approximation of the exact rate of growth of GDP per capita, and so it results in some errors when calculating this rate. However, the simplified equation is both easy to use and results in small error terms when inflation, nominal GDP growth, and population growth are low, and so it is a useful approximation. The table below lists a fictional country's nominal GDP, real GDP, GDP deflator, and population over two years. Year 2019 2020 Nominal GDP $1,100,000 $1,200,000 GDP deflator 100 102 Real GDP (2019 dollars) $1,100,000 $1,176,471 Population 1,000 1,005 a. Verify that the real GDP values in the above table are accurate. Instructions: Round your answers to one decimal place. b. This country's real GDP per capita for 2019 is $ This country's real GDP per capita for 2020 is $ c. The growth rate in this country's real GDP per capita…arrow_forwardReference equation: Real GDP per capita growth rate = Nominal GDP per capita growth rate – Inflation rate – Population growth rate - - This equation is an approximation of the exact rate of growth of GDP per capita, and so it results in some errors when calculating this rate. However, the simplified equation both is easy to use and results in small error terms when inflation, nominal GDP growth, and population growth are low, and so it is a useful approximation. The table below lists a fictional country's nominal GDP, real GDP, GDP deflator, and population over two years. Year 2017 2018 Nominal GDP $1,100,000 GDP Deflator 100 105 Real GDP (2017 dollars) $1,100,000 $1,142,857 Population 1,000 1,005 $1,200,000 Instructions: For part b, round your answers for dollar values to two decimal places (dollars and cents). For parts c-d, round your answers to one decimal place. a. Are the real GDP values in the table above accurate? (Click to select) b. This country's real GDP per capita for 2017…arrow_forwardThe economies of many nations around the globe have been brought on their knees by COVID-19. Just when countries are on the path of recovery from the economic devastation caused by COVID-19, Russia invaded Ukraine which had worsened the economic outlook of the entire world. The nation Ghana as well as firms have not escaped the impact of the terrible events in Ukraine. Rising expenditure, dwindling revenue levels, increasing debt levels coupled with worsening macroeconomic indicators had led to the downgrading of the Ghanaian economy which has affected the ability of the country to go for external debt. In order, to deal with current challenges, the government in a process characterised by controversies passed the Electronic Transfer Levy Act 2022 popularly called E-levy. As the Finance Director of your company, you have been tasked to present a proposal to the Board of Directors on how your company will navigate the turbulent terrain of the Ghanaian economy. Your proposal must address…arrow_forward
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