Review Checklist for Exam III (1)
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Review Checklist for Unit III Check Topic Module 9 Aggregate Expenditures Module
What are the assumptions underlying the aggregate expenditures model? Explain the relationship between the investment demand curve and the investment schedule (see figures and table in textbook) Determine Equilibrium GDP for a closed private economy. See Key graph
Explain that when the economy is in equilibrium, Saving = planned investment and there are no unplanned changes in inventories. Show how GDP changes when spending changes (the multiplier effect) How does the Aggregate Expenditures model change when international trade is added? What factors affect net exports and GDP (international linkages)
How does the Aggregate Expenditures model change when government spending is added? What happens when taxes are added? Explain why G and T have differential impacts on GDP. Explain that equilibrium GDP may not be full-employment GDP. What is a recessionary expenditure gap? What is an inflationary expenditure gap
Last Word : Says Law and how Keynes attacked it. Module 10 Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply
What is Aggregate Demand and explain why the Aggregate Demand Curve is down sloping? (Real balances effect, the interest rate effect, and the foreign purchases effect.) What causes changes in Aggregate Demand? See the determinants that shift the aggregate demand curve in the textbook figure
What is Aggregate Supply? Show how aggregate supply is different in the immediate short run, short run and long run. What causes changes in the Aggregate Supply? Explain Equilibrium GDP (Key graph)
Explain demand pull inflation and recession Explain that decreases in AS cause cost push inflation (figure in textbook)
Show that increases in AS causes growth, full employment, and relative price stability Appendix: the Relationship of the AD Curve to the Aggregate Expenditures Model
Module 11 Fiscal Policy, Deficits,, and Debt What are the tools of Expansionary Policy and when should they be used? What is a budget deficit? What are the tools of Contractionary Policy and when should they be used? What is the ratchet effect and how does this affect Contractionary policy? What is an automatic or built-in-stabilizer?
What is a progressive tax system, a proportional system, a regressive system? What is the cyclically adjusted budget (full employment budget)? What is a cyclical deficit? What is a cyclically adjusted deficit?
Understand recent fiscal policy. Explain the problems of timing (recognition lag, administrative lag, and operational lag) What is a political business cycle? How does State and Local Governments offset Federal Government fiscal policy? What is the crowding-out effect? What is the Public Debt? How is it related to Deficits? Who owns the Public Debt? Why is it important to look at the debt as a percentage of GDP? What are some of the false concerns about the public debt? What are some real concerns about the public debt? (Incentives, Foreign Owned
debt, and crowding-out effect) What is the Public Debt, who owns it, and what is the primary burden of the debt?
What are the false concerns of the Public Debt (bankruptcy, burdening future generations) and the real concerns (income distribution, incentives, foreign-owned public debt, crowding-out effect.0
Why are Social Security and Medicare time bombs?
Module 12 Money, Banking and Financial Institutions
What are the functions of Money? Explain them. What are the components of the Money Supply? What constitutes the M1 definition? What is currency? What are checkable deposits? What institutions are depository institutions? What constitutes the M2 definition? What backs the U.S. money supply? Why is money considered debt? What gives money its value? What is the relationship between money and prices? Purchasing power? What is the Federal Reserve? What is the structure of the Federal Reserve system and what is the relationship to the private sector? See figure 31.2. What are the functions of the Federal Reserve (FED)?
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Related Questions
Topic: Working with Multipliers ( macroeconmics)
Need help with the following exercises Please show step by step1.Assume the MPC is 0.70 and the government increases spending on public school programs by $20 billion. What is the value of the initial impact on real GDP? What is the value of the total impact on real GDP?
2. Assume the MPC is 0.70 and the government increases spending on public school programs by $20 billion. What is the value of the initial impact on real GDP? What is the value of the total impact on real GDP?
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Q-1 The following table shows income and consumption: Calculate: A- Saving (S), B- Marginal propensity to consume (MPC), C- Marginal propensity to save (MPS), D- Average propensity to consume (APC) E- Average propensity to save (APS). Y C1000 15002000 26003600 30004800 39005500 42006200 4800
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Please give a detailed solution with an explanation.
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The diagram below shows the consumption schedule for a private closed economy. The level of planned investment is $6
billion.
a. Using the diagram, draw the aggregate expenditures schedule for this economy and then identify equilibrium GDP.
Instructions: (1) Use the tool provided 'C + I'to draw the aggregate expenditures schedule for this economy. (2) Use the tool
provided 'Equilibrium' to identify the new equilibrium GDP.
Aggregate Expenditures Schedule
50
Tools
40
C+1
Equilibrium
30
20
10
10
20
30
40
50
Real GDP (billions of dollars)
Instructions: In part b, enter your answer as a whole number. In part c, round your answer to 1 decimal place.
b. What is the equilibrium GDP for this country?
billion
c. What is the marginal propensity to consume for this country?
Aggregate expenditures (billions of dollars)
18
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1.12
Study the following diagram and answer the question that follows.
Expenditures
(billions of dollars per year)
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
Figure 9.1
45
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
Income
(billions of dollars per year)
At an income level of $2,000 billion,
a) Consumption equals $1,500 billion.
b) Saving equals $0.
c)
The MPC equals 0.80.
d) There is dissaving.
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Step 2: The Effect of Saving on Total Expenditures
The following table shows data for the economy before the decrease in saving. Suppose that the decrease in saving causes consumption to rise
from $280 million to $320 million. Assume Say's law holds in this economy.
Fill in the data for the economy after the decrease in saving.
Before Saving Decrease
$280 million
$200 million
$250 million
$500 million
$300 million
Consumption (C)
Investment (I)
Government Purchases (G)
Exports (EX)
Imports (IM)
As a result of the decrease in saving, total expenditures will
After Saving Decrease
$320 million
million
million
$500 million
$300 million
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I just need help on f g and h
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SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
Increase in foreign holdings of assets in the United States
Exports of goods
Imports of services
Statistical discrepancy
Net transfers
Exports of services
Imports of goods
Income payments on investments
Increase in U.S. holdings of assets in foreign countries
Income received on investments
b. the balance of trade
c. the balance on the financial account
$3,288
31. The following are hypothetical data on the U.S. balance of payments. You can assume the balance on
capital account is zero. Use the data to calculate the following (SHOW YOUR WORK)
a. the balance on the current account
d. statistical discrepancy
-$29
1
64
694
-1,520
-444
-3,286
545
12. State how each of the following will affect the relative values of the U.S. dollar and the British pound
(say which currency appreciates and which currency depreciates):
(a) U.S. citizens switch from buying stock in U.S. companies to buying stock in British companies.
(b) The inflation rate in the United States decreases…
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TOPIC: Comparing total expenditures and total production
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Q-1 The following table shows income and consumption:
Calculate: A- Saving (S), B- Marginal propensity to consume (MPC), C- Marginal propensity to save (MPS), D-
Average propensity to consume (APC) and E- Average propensity to save (APS).
YCSMPCMPS/APCAPS
300 360
410 400
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1.12 Study the following diagram and answer the question that follows.
Expenditures
(billions of dollars per year)
> >
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
Figure 9.1
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
Income
(billions of dollars per yazari
At an income level of $2,000 billion,
a) Consumption equals $1,500 billion.
b) Saving equals $0.
c) The MPC equals 0.80.
d) There is dissaving.
F
뉴
C
connex
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Only typed answer
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Q1: Refer to the information provided in the Table below, answer the questions
that follow:
Aggregate Income ($billion)
Aggregate Saving
-100
150
-85
300
-70
450
-55
600
-40
a. What is the society's Marginal propensity to consume (MPC)?
b. If MPC is constant, at income level of $900 billion, what would be the
aggregate consumption level?
c. What is the simple multiplier for this economy?
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MACROECONOMICS
Topic: Multipl
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K
Use the information in the table to answer the following questions All numbers are in bilions of 2012 dollars
Planned
Investment (1)
$1,000
$1.000
$1,000
$1,000
$1,000
Real GDP (Y)
$12.000
$13,000
Consumption (C)
$10.100
$10,900
$14,000
$15,000
$15,000
The equilibrium
level of GDP is $ billion
The MPC is
(enter your response to two decimal places)
Suppose that net exports increase by $400 billion Using the multiplier formula determine the new level of GDP
A $400 billion increase in net exports leads to a change in spending of $ billion, so the new level of GOP will be
S billion
$11,700
$12,500
$13,300
Government
Purchases (G)
$2.000
$2.000
$2.000
$2,000
$2.000
Net Exports
(NX)
-$500
-$500
-$500
-$500
-$500
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please answer in text form and in proper format answer with must explanation , calculation for each part and steps clearly
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Use the information in the table to answer the following questions. All numbers are in billions of 2012 dollars.
Planned
Investment (1)
Real GDP (Y)
$14,000
$15,000
$16,000
$17,000
$18,000
The equilibrium level of GDP is $
The MPC is
billion.
Consumption (C)
$11,000
$11,750
$12,500
$13,250
$14,000
$1,500
$1,500
$1,500
$1,500
$1,500
(enter your response to two decimal places).
Suppose that net exports increase by $400 billion. Using the multiplier formula, determine the new level of GDP.
A $400 billion increase in net exports leads to a change in spending of $ billion, so the new level of GDP will be
$ billion.
Government
Purchases (G)
$2,500
$2,500
$2,500
$2,500
$2,500
Net Exports
(NX)
- $500
- $500
- $500
- $500
- $500
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Using the table below, answer the following question:
Real GDP ConsumptionPlanned
(Y)
GovernmentNet
Aggregate
of
Investment purchases Exports
(G)
(C)
Expenditure
(AE)
(1)
(NX)
650
85
195
90
320
690
750
145
195
90
320
750
850
205
195
90
320
810
950 265
195
90
320
870
Find the value of the multiplier in this economy? Show your calculations.
Answer:
Give your reasons
A-
в I
Fr
of
II
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5
The graph shows aggregate expenditures for the fictitious country of Carpistan. Suppose the government of Carpistan increases
government expenditures in order to boost the economy. Move the appropriate curve or curves to show the effect of this
increase. Next, place point A to show where actual aggregate expenditures equals planned aggregate expenditures.
Aggregate Expenditures (AE)
10
9
5
0 1
3
4 D
Real GDP (Y)
16
7
11
YAB
AR
2.0
10
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1. Use the following information from a fictional economy:
Consumption, C = 250 + 0.8 Yd
Investment, I = 200
Government Spending, G = 100
Taxes, T = 0.2 Y
Net Exports, NX = 50 - 0.4 Y
Disposable Income, Yd = Y-T
%3D
Real GDP = Y
%3D
(a) What is equilibrium Real GDP (Y) for this economy?
(b) What is equilibrium C for this economy?
(c) What is equilibrium NX for this economy?
(d) What is equilibrium T for this economy?
(e) What is equilibrium YD for this economy?
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How would I do D?
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TOPIC: Deriving and exploring the total expenditures curve
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2
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please answer in text form and in proper format answer with must explanation , calculation for each part and steps clearly
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This problem has been solved!
See the answer
Explain the relationship between the aggregate expenditures model in graph (A) below and the aggregate demand–aggregate supply model in graph (B) below. In other words, explain how points 1, 2, and 3 are related to points 1’, 2’, and 3’.
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Q-1 The following table shows income and consumption:
Calculate:
A- Saving (S),
B- Marginal propensity to consume (MPC),
C-Marginal propensity to save (MPS),
D- Average propensity to consume (APC)
E- Average propensity to save (APS).
Y
S
MPC
MPS
АРС
APS
200
260
360
300
480
390
550
420
620
480
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d. What is the value of the multiplier?
e. If planned investment spending falls to $200 billion,
what will be the new Y*?
f. If autonomous consumer spending rises to $200 bil-
lion, what will be the new Y*?
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6.
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How would I do a and b?
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1. Use the following table with information on the consumption behavior of the people of
Gotham to answer the following questions:
Disposable Income Consumption
$300
$440
$0
$200
a. What is the value of 'a' or autonomous consumption in this economy?
b. What is the value of 'b’ or the Marginal Propensity to Consume (MPC) in this economy?
Interpret the meaning of this MPC value in one sentence.
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Q3.
Real GDP
Consumption
Planned Investment
Government Purchases
Net Exports
$5,000
$4,500
$500
$325
-125
6,000
5,300
$500
$325
-125
7,000
6,100
$500
$325
-125
8,000
6,900
$500
$325
-125
Answer the questions based on the table below. The values are in millions of dollars.
What is the equilibrium level of real GDP?
What is the MPC?
If potential GDP is $7,000 million, is the economy at full employment? If not, what is the condition of the economy?
If the economy is not at full employment, by how much should government spending increase so that the economy can move to the full employment level of GDP?
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Can you help me with d/ e and f
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how to get APC and APS
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- Topic: Working with Multipliers ( macroeconmics) Need help with the following exercises Please show step by step1.Assume the MPC is 0.70 and the government increases spending on public school programs by $20 billion. What is the value of the initial impact on real GDP? What is the value of the total impact on real GDP? 2. Assume the MPC is 0.70 and the government increases spending on public school programs by $20 billion. What is the value of the initial impact on real GDP? What is the value of the total impact on real GDP?arrow_forwardQ-1 The following table shows income and consumption: Calculate: A- Saving (S), B- Marginal propensity to consume (MPC), C- Marginal propensity to save (MPS), D- Average propensity to consume (APC) E- Average propensity to save (APS). Y C1000 15002000 26003600 30004800 39005500 42006200 4800arrow_forwardPlease give a detailed solution with an explanation.arrow_forward
- The diagram below shows the consumption schedule for a private closed economy. The level of planned investment is $6 billion. a. Using the diagram, draw the aggregate expenditures schedule for this economy and then identify equilibrium GDP. Instructions: (1) Use the tool provided 'C + I'to draw the aggregate expenditures schedule for this economy. (2) Use the tool provided 'Equilibrium' to identify the new equilibrium GDP. Aggregate Expenditures Schedule 50 Tools 40 C+1 Equilibrium 30 20 10 10 20 30 40 50 Real GDP (billions of dollars) Instructions: In part b, enter your answer as a whole number. In part c, round your answer to 1 decimal place. b. What is the equilibrium GDP for this country? billion c. What is the marginal propensity to consume for this country? Aggregate expenditures (billions of dollars) 18arrow_forward1.12 Study the following diagram and answer the question that follows. Expenditures (billions of dollars per year) 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 Figure 9.1 45 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 Income (billions of dollars per year) At an income level of $2,000 billion, a) Consumption equals $1,500 billion. b) Saving equals $0. c) The MPC equals 0.80. d) There is dissaving.arrow_forwardStep 2: The Effect of Saving on Total Expenditures The following table shows data for the economy before the decrease in saving. Suppose that the decrease in saving causes consumption to rise from $280 million to $320 million. Assume Say's law holds in this economy. Fill in the data for the economy after the decrease in saving. Before Saving Decrease $280 million $200 million $250 million $500 million $300 million Consumption (C) Investment (I) Government Purchases (G) Exports (EX) Imports (IM) As a result of the decrease in saving, total expenditures will After Saving Decrease $320 million million million $500 million $300 millionarrow_forward
- I just need help on f g and harrow_forwardSHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS Increase in foreign holdings of assets in the United States Exports of goods Imports of services Statistical discrepancy Net transfers Exports of services Imports of goods Income payments on investments Increase in U.S. holdings of assets in foreign countries Income received on investments b. the balance of trade c. the balance on the financial account $3,288 31. The following are hypothetical data on the U.S. balance of payments. You can assume the balance on capital account is zero. Use the data to calculate the following (SHOW YOUR WORK) a. the balance on the current account d. statistical discrepancy -$29 1 64 694 -1,520 -444 -3,286 545 12. State how each of the following will affect the relative values of the U.S. dollar and the British pound (say which currency appreciates and which currency depreciates): (a) U.S. citizens switch from buying stock in U.S. companies to buying stock in British companies. (b) The inflation rate in the United States decreases…arrow_forwardTOPIC: Comparing total expenditures and total productionarrow_forward
- Q-1 The following table shows income and consumption: Calculate: A- Saving (S), B- Marginal propensity to consume (MPC), C- Marginal propensity to save (MPS), D- Average propensity to consume (APC) and E- Average propensity to save (APS). YCSMPCMPS/APCAPS 300 360 410 400arrow_forward1.12 Study the following diagram and answer the question that follows. Expenditures (billions of dollars per year) > > 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 Figure 9.1 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 Income (billions of dollars per yazari At an income level of $2,000 billion, a) Consumption equals $1,500 billion. b) Saving equals $0. c) The MPC equals 0.80. d) There is dissaving. F 뉴 C connexarrow_forwardOnly typed answerarrow_forward
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