ECO 201 Project Template
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ECO 201 Project Template
[Throughout this template, replace the content in bracketed text with your own responses, and deleted any bracketed instructions (including these).]
[The Introduction section of your report is provided and should remain standard in all submissions.]
[The placeholders for your data visualizations (e.g., charts, graphs, and tables) should be replaced with the appropriate indicated images in each case. To create
an isolated image from the simulation data, it is recommended that you use a snipping tool to copy and paste your data visualizations into this template. See
How
to Use the Snipping Tool (Beginner’s Guide)
for more information if you use a PC. A captioned version of this video is available:
How to Use the Snipping Tool
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.]
Memo
To: My Business Partner
From: Major Cephas
Date 08/21/2022
Re: Microeconomics Simulations
Introduction
This memorandum report identifies and explains key microeconomic principles using a set of simulation games. The outcome of these games illustrate how
microeconomic principles can be applied within real-life situations to help us make better business decisions. This report is a summary of the simulations I played
and their results, which include the key takeaways and their significance, for your review and reference. It is divided into the following sections:
1.
Comparative Advantage
2.
Competitive Markets and Externalities
3.
Production, Entry, and Exit
4.
Market Structures
(including the Price Discrimination and Cournot simulations)
5.
Conclusions
6.
References
Comparative Advantage
Figure 1.1
1.The definition of opportunity cost is
the loss of potential gain from other alternatives when one alternative is chosen:
"Idle cash balances represent an opportunity cost in terms of lost interest".
If the cost of the decision outweighs the benefits of the business, we may not go forward with the decision. We can also compare the price of our
other competitors, if the cost is too low for our competitors, then we will have the advantage over them comparative advantage is the ability to
produce goods at a lower price then our competitors. This will help us to have the advantage against our competitors. We can also use each other
practices for the benefits of both companies using trades. It’s impossible for some one to have a comparative over another with all the products as
shown with the simulation. If we trade with good, we should have the advantage.
The production possibility frontier model is a graph that shows he combination of outputs that the economy can possibly produce given the available
factors of production and the available production technology. IF we take a look at the PPF model regarding specialization and trade we can use the
models to shoe the different amount of outputs the company is able to produce.
Competi
tive Markets
Your preview ends here
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Related Questions
FCR and Average daily gain are measured in a continuous scale. true or false
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Determine the mode choice (personal vehicle or bus system) for the following regression model:
Utility Function: Umode – (8.333 x 10-4)*(Access time in sec) – (6.667 x 10-4)*(Wait Time in sec) – (5.00 x 10-4)*(Riding time in sec) – (1.40)*(Cost, $)
PARAMETER
PERSONAL VEHICLE
CITY BUS SYSTEM
MODE CONSTANT
-0.01
-0.07
ACCESS TIME (SECS)
300
600
WAITING TIME (SECS)
0
900
RIDING TIME (SECS)
1,500
6,000
COST (DOLLARS)
$1.50
$1.00
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regression result for your product is shown in the table below:
Variable
Parameter Estimates
Standard error
Constant
-164.0
20.24
Price of good X (P,)
Price of good Y (P,)
-3.50
1.55
2.50
0.28
Per capita Income (/)
0.45
0.52
R-squared
Adjusted R-squared
0.8672
0.8132
F-statistic
15.6893
a) Suppose the average price of 3 units of good X is GH¢12, price of 2 units of goodY is
GH¢60, the per capita income of Ghana is GH¢420.
i.
Write down the estimated demand equation for your firm's product and interpret
the parameter estimates.
Determine the quantity of good X sold.
Estimate the own price elasticity of demand and state the type of demand curve
11.
111.
your firm has?
What would be the effect of a price increase on the firm's total revenue?
iv.
Assess the probable impact on your firm if the firm producing geod Y decreases
their price by 10%.
Explain the adjusted R-squared
Is the good X a normal or inferior good?
What is the relationship between good X and good Y?
V.
vi.
vii.
viii..
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regression result for your product is shown in the table below:
Variable
Parameter Estimates
Standard error
Constant
-164.0
20.24
Price of good X (P,)
Price of good Y (P,)
-3.50
1.55
2.50
0.28
Per capita Income ()
0.45
0.52
R-squared
Adjusted R-squared
0.8672
0.8132
F-statistic
15.6893
a) Suppose the average price of 3 units of good X is GH¢12, price of 2 units of goodY is
GHe60, the per capita income of Ghana is GH¢420.
Write down the estimated demand equation for your firms product and interpret
the
1.
parameter estimates.
I
11.
Determine the quantity of good X sold.
111.
Estimate the own price elasticity of demand and state the type of demand curve
туре
irm has?
your
What would be the effect of a price iıncrease on the firm's total revenue?
iv.
V.
Assess the probable impact on your firm if the firm producing good Y decreases
their
price by 10%.
Explain the adjusted R-squared
Is the good X a normal or inferior good?
vi.
vii.
viii.
What is the relationship between good X and good Y?
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2
X +2
f(x) =
7x - 6
f'(x) =
%3D
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after paying 25% as customs duty.
On a graph paper, draw a freehand graph and represent all important parameters.
Due to increase in plastic price, the break-even quantity has increased by 10%.
Find out the new plastic price?
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4) answer last set of questions/blanks (see picture)
model
Total miles/month _____
Gallons consumed _____
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Problem 2: As a building designer, you have been asked to analyze and select the best
window frame type alternative-either aluminum or steel. The project is located in a remote
area, and the nearest industrial area hosting steel and aluminum windows frames
manufacturers is 250 km away. All project windows are identical, and the circumference of
the window frame is 6.2 meter. A crew of two labors is required to manufacture one steel
frame. It takes 2.5 hours to manufacture the first window every day, and the learning rate is
0.9. The number of production units is per day is limited to 8. The weight of steel is 12 kg per
meter, and the weight of aluminum is 4.5 kg per meter. The cost of steel is 0.4 OMR per kg
and the cost of aluminum 1.1 OMR per kg. If 45 windows frames are required for the project,
the crew cost is 3 OMR per hour for steel frames and 3.6 for aluminum frames, and the
transportation, price is 0.01 OMR per kg per 50 km, which alternative would you select?
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Problem 1
Brutus Corporation produces two products, Paper Towel (P) and Foot Mop (F),
which must be processed in two departments, Cutting and Finishing. Cutting has 130 hours available per month, while Finishing has 185 hours.
The number of hours required to process the products in the two departments and the contribution margin per unit of the products are as follows:
CM per unit
Required hours per unit:
Cutting
Finishing
Required:
Paper Towel (P)
18
4 hours
6
3) In the Cutting constraint, if F=0, how much is P?
4) In the Finishing constraint, if P=0, how much is F?
Foot Mop (F)
24
8 hours
10
|||
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For subtractive or negative numbers use a minus sign.
(b) Use a data table to vary demand from 1,000 to 6,000 in increments of 200 trn test the sensitivity of profit to demand. Breskeven occurs where profit goes from a negabve to a positive value, that
s, breakeven is where total revenue - total cast yielding a profit of zero. In which interval of demand dons breakeven occur?
(1) Breakeven appears in the interval of 4,200 to 4,800 copies.
(i) Breakeven appears in the interval of 4,000 to…
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solve within 30 mins
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Define the term PW Analysis?
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1. A Travel-Cost Method
Now it is time for your first consulting job as an environmental economist. The Forest
Service would like to know whether they should preserve some national forest land,
previously slated to be logged, for hiking. You are helping do a travel-cost analysis to
estimate the annual benefits of hiking in this area.
Survey data has been gathered from 500 hikers who visited the forest last year. This forest
did not charge an entrance fee. Using a statistical technique called regression analysis, you
have controlled for differences in income, employment status, age, and other important
factors that might affect the number of hiking trips taken. Taking these factors into
account, you have developed the following relationship:
Zone
Population in
Cost Per Hiking
Hiking Trips
zone
Trip Per Person
Taken Per Zonal
Person Per Year
1
1,000
2
3,000
3
2,000
20
8
40
6
80
2
where cost includes gas, tolls, fares, hotels, and the value of time spent traveling.
a. Graph a linear…
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1. A Travel-Cost Method
Now it is time for your first consulting job as an environmental economist. The Forest
Service would like to know whether they should preserve some national forest land,
previously slated to be logged, for hiking. You are helping do a travel-cost analysis to
estimate the annual benefits of hiking in this area.
Survey data has been gathered from 500 hikers who visited the forest last year. This forest
did not charge an entrance fee. Using a statistical technique called regression analysis, you
have controlled for differences in income, employment status, age, and other important
factors that might affect the number of hiking trips taken. Taking these factors into
account, you have developed the following relationship:
Zone
1
2
3
Population in
zone
1,000
3.000
2,000
Cost Per Hiking
Trip Per Person
20
40
80
Hiking Trips
Taken Per Zonal
Person Per Year
8
6
2
where cost includes gas, tolls, fares, hotels, entry fees, and the value of time spent
traveling.
a. Graph a…
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4. The estimation of the model with quarterly car sales in the U.S. from 1975 to 1990
gives:
Source |
df
MS
Number of obs =
64
F( 2,
Prob > F
61) =
12.21
Model
.32720224
2
.16360112
0.0000
Residual |
.817286587
61
.013398141
R-squared
Adj R-squared = 0.2625
Root MSE
0.2859
Total | 1.14448883
63
.018166489
.11575
lqne | cCoef.
t P>|t|
std. Err.
[95% Conf. Interval]
1price
lincome
-.4604611
3.37186
6.89398
-.8280926
.1838504
-4.50
0.000
-1.195724
2.399991
. 4860261
4.94
0.000
1.428121
_cons
5.92543
.4843662
12.23
0.000
4.95688
Based on the parameter estimates, what is the predicted effect of a 10% increase in
price on the number of cars sold? What would be the effect of that price increase on
the value of car sales?
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1
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(C)Use the results from parts A and B to estimate the average profit per mower if 61 mowers are produced
(
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(.071)
(59.24) (4.04)
n = 229, R² = .472, R²
(5.358)
(.161)
462.
149.38 + 1.93 lexppp – .060 free – 10.78 Imedinc – .397 pctsgle + .667 read4
(3.76)
math4
(41.70) (2.82)
(.054)
(.111)
(.042)
n = 229, R = .749, R = .743.
(i) If you are a policy maker trying to estimate the causal effect of per-student spending on math
test performance, explain why the first equation is more relevant than the second. What is the
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(ii) Does adding read4 to the regression have strange effects on coefficients and statistical signifi-
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B. Nonverbal communication
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D. Formal communication
Analogous Estimating is an estimation technique that use the values of
parameters such as scope, cost, budget and duration from a previous similar
activity as the basis of activity and is frequently used to estimate when there
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A. Gross value estimation
B. Function point estimation
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A
B
1
2
Original Price
180
3
Discount(%)
0.2
4
Discount ($)
= B2 × B3
5
Net Price
= B2 − B4
6
Sales Tax(%)
0.09
7
Sales Tax($)
= ROUND(B5 × B6,2)
8
Final Price
= ROUND(B5 + B7,2)
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one, it cannot be cultivated in year two: http://www.worldwildlife.org/threats/soil-erosion-and-degradation. You can also re-watch It's Alive: Going Places (ranching in Texas). The
annual MB=40-0.5*gi and MC=8.
If there was no scarcity, how many acres would be cultivated each period?
Answer:
64
Now assume the discount rate is 10% and there are 100 acres to farm. What is the price to cultivate an acre in year 1?
Answer:
Now assume the discount rate is 10% and there are 100 acres to farm. What is the price to cultivate an acre in year 2?
Answer:
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