ITS170-lab2
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Purdue University, Northwest *
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170
Subject
Electrical Engineering
Date
Dec 6, 2023
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docx
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ITS 170
LAB 2
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In lab2, we will use excel file provided on course web. Download “Signaling.xlsx” file for this lab. There are two
sheets on excel file, called “Sinewave” and “Signaling”. In first part, we will use “Sinewae” to observe how the
shape of sinewave form changes by three parameters. Then, we will observe and generate the signal. 1.
Amplitude
is 1 volt,
frequency is 1 hertz, and phase is 0 degrees.
1.
Name three parameters of sinewave. On given chart in “Sinewave” sheet, what are the values of three
parameters? DO NOT forget the UNITs. (5 points) Amplitude is 1 volt,
frequency is 1 hertz, and phase is 0
degrees. )
2.
First, change the amplitude to 5. Next change the frequency to 5. Then, change the phase to 90. Describe
your observation on each change with your results (include screenshot). (5 points) The change in amplitude and
frequency made the graph really skinny and thin.
Now, you have 8 bits of digital data (11010010) to transmit over analog signal. Since digital data cannot be
transmitted over cable directly, it has to be modulated. The most common techniques are Amplitude Shift Keying
(ASK), Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), Phase Shift Keying (PSK), and Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)
in this case.
3.
Explain each technique how it can transmit digital data (1 or 0). (10 points) Amplitude, Frequency, Phase
4.
Use the table on “Signaling” sheet to transmit given 8 bits of data using ASK. Use 6V for 1 and 2V for 0.
Show your chart here (screenshot). (5 points)
5.
Set amplitude 5 for all bit durations. Use 5Hz for 1 and 10Hz for 0 to use FSK. Show your chart
(screenshot). (5points)
6.
Set amplitude 5 and frequency 3 for all bit durations. Use 180
°
for 1 and 0
°
for 0 to use PSK. Show your
chart (screenshot). (5 points).
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7.
In QAM, each state represents 2 bits. In this example, we will use 2 amplitude values and 2 phase values,
which makes 4 different states as shown in Table 1. Since 4 states are available, each state represents 2 bits of
data. Use above amplitude and phase values to transmit 8 bits of data using QAM (show your chart here). How
many signal elements are needed to transmit 8 bits of digital data? (Hint: 2 bits for each state). Compare it with
above cases, ASK, FSK, and PSK in terms of signal element and data rate. (10 points) Depending on the
module technique, the amplitude and frequency change the
State
Amplitude
Phase
Bits
1
2V
0
°
00
2
2V
90
°
01
3
6V
0
°
10
4
6V
90
°
11
Table 1.
4 states in QAM
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