ELE861_Lab_1_F2023

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Dec 6, 2023

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ELE 861 – Lab #1: Transmission Line Matching Networks 1 of 4 Goal The goal of this lab is to use Agilent/Keysight - Advanced Design System (ADS) to investigate the performance of various one-port networks using the Smith chart, and to design some simple matching networks to match reactive loads to a real impedance. Methodology Exercise 1: Use the tuning feature in ADS to investigate how different complex impedances are represented on the Smith chart. These include resistive, inductive and capacitive impedances. Exercise 2: Then, use these impedances as the terminating loads to an ideal transmission line, and investigate how the length of the line affects the input impedance. Exercise 3: Design a quarter- wavelength matching network to match a load consisting of a resistor R = 50 Ω in series with an inductor L = 15.915 nH to 50 Ω at 1 GHz, using two sections of transmission line, as shown in the schematic below. Prelab (complete before coming to your assigned lab session) Use the information on Lecture 6-9 to 6-13 to design the quarter-wavelength transformer so that the input of the circuit is matched to 50 Ω. Note: Show both solutions for this matching network on a Smith chart, together with your calculations. In the lab First, tune the electrical length of TL1 (TL1:E) in order to get a real impedance on the Smith chart (note that there are two solutions for this). Then, tune the characteristic impedance of TL2 (TL2:Z ) in order to bring the input impedance of the whole circuit to the centre of the Smith chart. Finally, compare your answers from the prelab to the ones obtained by tuning the circuit in ADS.

ELE 861 – Lab #1: Transmission Line Matching Networks 2 of 4 Exercise 4 Design a single-stub matching network to mat ch the same load consisting of a resistor R = 50 Ω in series with an inductor L = 15.915 nH to 50 Ω at 1 GHz, as shown in the schematic below. Use a short-circuited series-connected stub. Prelab (complete before coming to your assigned lab session) Use the information on Lecture 2-41 to 2-42 to design the single-stub matching network so that the input of the circuit is matched to 50 Ω. Note that the equation shown on slide 2-41 is the input impedance looking only into the short-circuited stub. You must use this impedance to cancel out the inductive reactance of the load, meaning that the short-circuited stub must have a capacitive reactance. Thus, the short-circuited stub must have an electrical length between 90 ° and 180 ° . On the Smith chart, show the location of the required stub impedance, and the electrical length of the short- circuited stub required to realize this. In the lab In ADS use the TLSC component (as shown in the schematic) to model the short-circuited series- connected stub. Tune its electrical length until the load impedance is matched to 50 Ω at 1 GHz . Finally, compare your answers from the prelab to the ones obtained by tuning the circuit in ADS.

ELE 861 – Lab #1: Transmission Line Matching Networks 3 of 4 Exercise 5 Design a single- stub matching network to match a load consisting of a resistor R = 100 Ω in series with an inductor L = 15.915 nH to 50 Ω at 1 GHz, as shown in the schematic below. Use a series transmission line (TL2) and a short-circuited series-connected stub (TL1) . Note that now we need an additional transmission line (TL2) in order to bring the impedance to the 1 ± jx circle before the reactance can be cancelled out using the short- circuited stub. Refer to Pozar Section 5.2 for more information on single-stub matching networks. Prelab (complete before coming to your assigned lab session) Use Problem Set 3, Q4 as a reference and design the single-stub matching network so that the input of the circuit is matched to 50 Ω. First, using a Smith chart determine the length of the transmission line TL2 that is required to bring the impedance to the 1 + jx circle. Subsequently, find the length of the short-circuited stub TL1 required to cancel out the residual reactance at the 1 ± jx point. Note: Show two solutions for this matching network on a Smith chart, together with your calculations. In the lab In ADS, use a TLIN component to model the series transmission line TL2, and the TLSC component to model the short-circuited series-connected stub TL1, as shown in the schematic. Show how you would design the matching network in ADS by first tuning the length of the transmission line TL2 (TL2:E) and then the length of the short - circuited stub (TL1:E). Note: Show both solutions for this matching network. Finally, compare your answers from the prelab to the ones obtained by tuning the circuit in ADS.

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ELE 861 – Lab #1: Transmission Line Matching Networks 4 of 4 Deliverables for Exercises 3 – 5 1) For each exercise, provide the theoretical “pencil and paper” Smith chart solution(s), as outlined in the prelab exercises. 2) Screenshots/demonstration of your schematics in ADS, ensuring that the filename is included along the top. Your file name must contain your first name and the initial of your last name, e.g. ELE861_ F2023 \ Marco_A_Lab1_Exercise_1 . 3) Screenshots/demonstration of your Smith chart results from ADS. Include the filename along the top. 4) Hand calculations, where appropriate. 5) Brief comments comparing the results obtained using different methods.

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