electronics lab 2

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Centennial College *

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129

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Electrical Engineering

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Apr 3, 2024

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Centennial College ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING TECHNICIAN Course: EET-129 Names (Please Print ): Bilive khatri Student Numbers: 301362967 Date: 2024/01/31 LAB # 2 DIODE (Based on Laboratory Exercises for Electronic Devices by David Buchla and Experiments in Electronic Principles by Albert Malvino) Objectives At the end of this lab, the student will be able to: 1- Properly identify the leads of a semiconductor diode. 2- Perform forward and reverse Diode Tests using a DMM. 3- Measure the forward and reverse characteristics of a silicon diode. 4- Plot a voltage-current graph for a silicone diode. Background information  Before proceeding review the information on silicon diodes covered in the theory section of the electronics course. Components needed: Resistors: 100 Ω 2W , 1 MΩ ½ W One diode 1N4004 Procedure: Part 1 – Diode Test using a DMM 1- Find the 1N4004 diode and observe on the symbol the identification mark for the cathode. 2- Place the diode on the breadboard. 3- Turn the digital multimeter on. 4- Set the multimeter to the diode test (it is usually marked with the diode symbol). 5- connect the negative lead of the meter on the cathode of the diode and the positive lead of the meter on the anode of the diode and record your reading below. (THIS IS REFERRED TO AS FORWARD BIASING A DIODE).

DDM Reading Forward Bias: 567.7mV 6- Now connect the positive lead of the meter on the cathode and the negative lead on the anode and record your readings below. (THIS IS REFERRED TO AS REVERSE BIASING A DIODE). DDM Reading Reverse Bias: OL Marks: Mark. /20

Part 2 – Forward and Reverse Characteristics of a silicon diode 7. Create the forward-biased circuit shown in Fig. 1. Observe the polarity of the power supply. The line on the diode indicates the cathode side of the diode. Fig. 1 - Forward bias 8. Increase Vs to voltages as indicated in Table 2 and measure V F (Voltage across the diode) and V R1. Record the measured values in Table 2. 9. The diode forward current, I F, can be found by applying Ohm’s law to R 1 . Compute I F and enter the computed current in Table 2 . Table 2 Vs V F (measured) V R1 (measured) I F (computed as IF= V R1 /R1 ) 0.25 V 0.213V 0.01V 0.1mA 0.50 V 0.49V 13.7mV 0.137mA 0.75V 0.605V 137mV 1.37mA 1.00 V 0.65V 0.37V 3.7mA 2.00 V 0.71V 1.35V 13.5mA 4.00 V 0.75V 3.32V 33.3mA 6.00 V 0.76V 5.3V 53mA 8.00 V 0.77V 7.2V 72mA 10.00 V 0.78V 9.29V 92.9mA 12.00 V 0.78V 11.3V 113mA Marks: Mark. /30

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11. Create the reverse bias circuit shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 2 Reverse bias 12. Set the power supply to each voltage listed in Table 3. Measure and record the voltage across R2 for each voltage. Apply Ohm’s law to compute the reverse current in each case. Enter the computed current in Table 3. Table 3 Vs V R2 (measured) I R (computed Vr2/R2 = ) 5.0 V 72mV 72nA 10.0 V 163mV 163nA 15.0 V 250mV 250nA 20.0 V 0.34V 340nA Marks: Mark. /10

13. Using the data you obtained in Tables 2 and 3 plot a graph on graph paper or MS Excel. Graph Forward and Reverse bias in a single graph. Your vertical axis should be current and your horizontal axis should be voltage (for forwarding bias is V F and for reverse bias is Vs) The voltage for forwarding and reverse bias should have different scale factors to allow data to fit in a single graph. (For forwarding bias choose 0.1 V scale factor, for reverse bias choose - 5V scale factor). You need to choose an appropriate current scale factor that will put the largest current recorded near the top of the graph. 14. Locate the point on the graph where the current rises very quickly. From this point draw a vertical line down to intersect the voltage axis. This is the point where we would consider the diode to be fully turned on or fully forward-biased. Record that voltage in the space below. FORWARD BIASING VOLTAGE = 0.66 YOU MUST ATTACH THE GRAPH TO YOUR REPORT. . Save your graph File as EET-129 Lab 2 graph Marks: Mark. /20 Submission : Your lab must be uploaded in the Assignment Folder -> Lab 2. Your submission must include this document edited with your data and your Graph.

Conclusion: The conclusion summarizes important points of the laboratory work. You must analyze the examples to add emphasis to significant points. You must also include features and-or things you did/benefits of a particular procedure, instrument, component, or circuit directly related to the experiment. In this lab, students were given the opportunity to learn about the diode and its characteristics. Students were asked to identify the leads on a diode, to test the forward and reverse characteristics of a diode, and plot voltage vs current graph of the diode. When testing the forward and reverse bias of the diode, it was observed that the forward voltage of the diode was lower than what is expected. In conclusion, this lab was able to provide students with the opportunity to work with diodes and apply their theoretical knowledge in practice. Marks: Mark. /30 Rubric-Grading: Criteria Max. Grade Punctuality 10 Mark. Following Procedure and Submission 80 Mark. Conclusion 30 Mark. Neatness, Spelling, Grammar, and Sentence Structure 10 Mark. Total Mark. /130

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