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O’Donnell 1 Sky O’Donnell English 1302 Dr. Frost 31 March 2020 Annotated Bibliography My research paper is about how high caseloads and workloads effect speech pathologist in the school district. Before writing my paper, I had to do research about my topic. This is a list of sources I found relating to my topic. I feel like these sources really help me argue why high caseloads and workloads can effect a therapists job. While reading these sources not only did I find evidence to support my research question, but I also found other information that I didn’t know existed. All these sources will be a great addition to my research paper. Katz, Lauren A., et al. “What Makes a Caseload (Un)Manageable? School-Based Speech- Language Pathologists Speak.” ASHA Wire , 10 Oct. 2019, pubs.asha.org/doi/abs/10.1044/0161-1461(2009/08-0090). This source discusses what really makes a caseload unmanageable from the perspective of school-based speech pathologists. A study was conducted to see how many cases on average does a speech pathologist have to oversee and at what point does all these cases become unmanageable. Some of the results that they concluded include: an average caseload consists of 41-50 students and that 60% of the 634 participants agreed that their caseloads were unmanageable. I chose to use this source because I liked how it was a study done on actual school-based speech pathologists. I would consider this a useful source because it shows when a

O’Donnell 2 caseload is considered unmanageable. The topic of my research paper is how high caseloads effect speech pathologists. This source demonstrates an average amount of students they have to work with on a daily basis and how the therapists agree its unmanageable alone. This information is good because its evidence to help me prove that high caseloads really do effect them. “Caseload/Workload: Overview.” Caseload/Workload: Overview , ASHA, www.asha.org/practice-portal/professional-issues/Caseload-and-Workload/. This article is about the caseloads and workloads of speech pathologists in the school district. It defines a caseload as the number of students who have difficulties with speech, language learning, and literacy. Workload is all the activities and lessons that are required, created, and performed by the speech pathologist. It goes on to say that caseloads are only a part of the problem picture but that workloads should be incorporated too. The American Speech- Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) used to recommend a caseload limit but upon further research they determined that there should be no specific limit because every classroom has different needs. This a helpful source because it discusses the difference between caseloads and workloads. This article is definitely reliable because it comes from ASHA the organizations for speech pathologists. This definitely fits into my research because it discusses caseloads, workloads, and why there is no specific limit to caseloads. I think is all great and important information to use. PrasadMA, Aruna Hari, et al. “Overloaded With Tasks? Show Them the Numbers.” The ASHA Leader , leader.pubs.asha.org/doi/10.1044/leader.FTR2.24082019.56.

O’Donnell 3 This article discusses the amounts of work a speech pathologist has and how ASHA has created a workload calculator. A survey was created by ASHA in 2018 and taken by speech pathologists who work in schools. The results showed high caseloads with most students struggling with language disorders, autism spectrum disorders, and speech sound disorders. Each student has different needs and each requires special attention. This can create a large workload. ASHA has created a workload calculator that all speech pathologist can access. It is used to see if their workload is balanced and if not then they can show the results to their supervisors to see what they can do. This source is similar and different compared to my other sources. It is similar in that it talks about high caseloads and workloads, but different in that it discusses a possible solution for them. I think this will fit in my research because it offers a solution for speech pathologists with high workloads. This will be interesting information to add to my paper because this information is not common knowledge. “School-Based Speech-Language Pathology Must Change.” Bilinguistics , 9 Apr. 2019, bilinguistics.com/school-based-slp/. This article shows the perspective of a speech pathologist discussing how bad the demands are of school-based therapists. He explains how splitting time is hard. Its hard to decided who needs one-on-one attention, who can be put in a group, and who needs immediate attention. There is not enough time in the week to prepare lessons for each child or group and help the ones that need one-on-one. He says that speech pathologists sometimes can only do thirty minutes of one-on-one time and have to dismiss students once they reach secondary level. Once they reach secondary level of learning, with the therapist, they have to be dismissed so the

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