M6 Physics Lab.docx

M6. Lab: The Electrostatic Force Nitin Gowda Ocean County College PHYS-282 2023L3 Professor Robert I. Ochs, Ph.D. June 12, 2023

Introduction Coulomb's Law is a fundamental principle in the field of electromagnetism that describes the force between charged particles. It provides a quantitative relationship between the magnitude of the force and the distance separating the charged objects, as well as the magnitudes of their charges. This law, named after French physicist Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, is essential for understanding the behavior of electrically charged particles and plays a crucial role in various scientific and technological applications. According to Coulomb's Law, the magnitude of the electrostatic force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Mathematically, this relationship can be expressed as: F = k * (q1 * q2) / r^2 where F represents the magnitude of the electrostatic force, k is the electrostatic constant, q1 and q2 are the magnitudes of the charges, and r is the distance between the charges. The value of the electrostatic constant, k, depends on the medium surrounding the charges and is given by k = 8.99 × 10^9 Nm^2/C^2. (Ling, Sanny, & Moebs, 2021) Experimental Details An online simulation was used to observe the properties of Coulomb’s law. A screenshot of the simulator is displayed in Figure 1. The simulator consists of parameters that control the magnitude of the charge along with toggles for force values and scientific notation. The simulator also lets you control the distance between charges as well as move a ruler to measure distance. 1. Set up the simulation by placing two charged objects of known charges on the workspace. 2. Adjust the distance between the objects to a desired value. 3. Measure the electrostatic force acting on the objects using the interactive force sensor in the simulation. 4. Record the force and the corresponding distance between the charges in a data table. 5. Repeat steps 2-4 for different distances to obtain multiple data points. 6. Calculate the predicted values of the electrostatic force using Coulomb's Law and record them in the data table.

Figure 1. Screenshot of the Ideal Gas Simulator. Results The M2 lab requires the simulation to be run and information obtained to confirm three gas laws: Boyle’s Law, Charles’ Law, and Gay-Lussac’s Law… Experimental Trial Distance (cm) Q1 (micro C) Q2 (micro C) Experimental Force (N) Predicted Force (N) Percentage difference (%) 1 10 +1 -1 0.899 0.899 0 2 10 -1 -1 0.899 0.899 0 3 10 1 1 0.899 0.899 0 4 6 -5 1 12.5 12.49 0.080032 5 4 4 -6 135 134.85 0.111173

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