BUS 425 - Unit 4- Estate Planning Solutions_2023

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Feb 20, 2024

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ESTATE PLANNING: PROBLEMS ANSWERS 1. Which of the following estate planning documents—will, codicil, letter of last instructions, living will—do the following individuals/families need? Explain your rationale. a. Kayla, a recent college graduate with only a few personal assets, all jointly owned with her parents Because everything is jointly owned, Kayla does not need a will (and therefore does not need a codicil). She should, however, have a letter of last instructions and a living will to direct her preferences. b. Justin and Edee, a couple in their 30s with two young children. They already have a will that they made when they were first married 10 years ago—before they had their second child A codicil will probably suffice for Justin and Edee. If other major changes have occurred in the past 10 years, they may want to write an entirely new will. They also need letters of last instruction and living wills. c. Mac, a widowed man living with a close personal friend to whom he would like to leave his personal assets upon death. Mac definitely needs a will to make sure his assets are distributed in the way he wishes. He also needs a letter of last instruction and a living will. NOTE: Remember, there are quite a few other documents to consider that were not presented in the question (Hipaa release, Medical Power of Attorney, Financial Power of Attorney, Trust documents) 2. As the first gift from their estate, Lily and Tom Phillips plan to give $20,000 to their son, Raoul, for a down payment on a house. a. How much gift tax will be owed by Lily and Tom? There will be no gift tax owed by Lily and Tom on their $20,000 gift to Raoul because a couple can transfer $34,000 per year (2023) to any number of people free of gift tax, a maximum of $17,000 from each spouse. b. How much income tax will be owed by Raoul? Raoul will not have to pay any income tax because recipients of a gift are not taxed on their gift. c. Suppose instead that Lily and Tom each make a gift of $20,000 to Raoul. How
much of the gift will be subject to the gift tax? There is not gift tax to be paid. However, there is a reporting requirement (Gift Tax Return) for any amounts that exceed the annual limit. For 2023, this amount is $17,000. Therefore, the additional $3,000 per person above the annual limit should be reported. (Note: The $3,000 will be subtracted from the Estate Exclusion in the year the person dies.) d. List three advantages of making this gift. Advantages of making a gift to others within the annual gift tax exclusion include the following: Providing needed income to a friend or loved one while the donor is alive (if given before death) Reducing the donor’s taxable estate, resulting in lower estate taxes The recipient of a gift is not taxed on the amount received (although they will be taxed on any subsequent income the gifted amount generates) Helping avoid probate because gifted assets no longer belong to the donor and are no longer part of their estate (if given before death). 3. Morgan, a widow, recently passed away. The value of her assets at the time of death was $13,000,000. The cost of her funeral was $20,000, while estate administrative costs totaled $50,000. As stipulated in her will, she left $1,000,000 to charities. Based on this information, answer the following questions: a. Determine the value of Morgan’s gross estate. b. Calculate the value of her taxable estate. c. What is her gift-adjusted taxable estate value? d. Assuming she died in 2021, how much of her estate would be subject to taxation? e. Calculate the estate tax liability. 2021 Scenario Use the following calculations to answer the five questions related to Morgan’s situation. a. Gross Estate: $13,000,000 b. Taxable Estate: $13,000,000 – $20,000 – $50,000 – $1,000,000 = $11,930,000 c. Gift-Adjusted Taxable Estate: $11,930,000 – $11,700,000 (2021 limit) = $230,000 d. Amount Subject to Taxation= same as Gift-Adjusted Taxable Estate: $230,000 e. Estate Tax Liability: $230,000 x .40 =$92,000 2022 Scenario Use the following calculations to answer the five questions related to Morgan’s situation. a. Gross Estate: $13,000,000 b. Taxable Estate: $13,000,000 – $20,000 – $50,000 – $1,000,000 = $11,930,000 c. Gift-Adjusted Taxable Estate: $11,930,000 – $12,060,000 (2022 limit) = $0 d. Amount Subject to Taxation= same as Gift-Adjusted Taxable Estate: $0 e. Estate Tax Liability: $0
2023 Scenario Use the following calculations to answer the five questions related to Morgan’s situation. a. Gross Estate: $13,000,000 b. Taxable Estate: $13,000,000 – $20,000 – $50,000 – $1,000,000 = $11,930,000 c. Gift-Adjusted Taxable Estate: $11,930,000 – $12,920,000 (2023 limit) = $0 d. Amount Subject to Taxation= same as Gift-Adjusted Taxable Estate: $0 e. Estate Tax Liability: $0
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