No. 10

A common problem facing any business entity is the debt versus equity decision. When funds are required to obtain assets, should debt or equity financing be used? This decision also is faced when a company is initially formed. What will be the mix of debt versus equity in the initial capital structure? The characteristics of debt are very different from those of equity as are the financial implication of using one method of financing as opposed to the other. Cherokee Plastics Corporation is formed by a group of investors to manufacture household plastic products. Their initial capitalization goal is $50,000,000. That is, the incorporators have decided to raise $50,000,000 to acquire the initial assets of the company. They have narrowed down the financing mix alternatives to two: All equity financing $20,000,000 in debt financing and $30,000,000 in equity financing No matter which financing alternative is chosen, the corporation expects to be able to generate a 10% annual return, before…

A common problem facing any business entity is the debt versus equity decision. When funds are required toobtain assets, should debt or equity financing be used? This decision also is faced when a company is initiallyformed. What will be the mix of debt versus equity in the initial capital structure? The characteristics of debt arevery different from those of equity as are the financial implications of using one method of financing as opposedto the other.Cherokee Plastics Corporation is formed by a group of investors to manufacture household plastic products.Their initial capitalization goal is $50,000,000. That is, the incorporators have decided to raise $50,000,000 toacquire the initial assets of the company. They have narrowed down the financing mix alternatives to two:1. All equity financing2. $20,000,000 in debt financing and $30,000,000 in equity financingNo matter which financing alternative is chosen, the corporation expects to be able to generate a 10% annualreturn, before…

A company uses a financial instrument for bridge financing. The instrument here is short term, low risk, unsecured and highly liquid. It needed to buy machinery for which it issued equity. This turned out to be expensive as this issue involved floatation costs. The company is large and has good creditworthy and this method has come up as a great help to it. Based on the above case study, answer the following: Which financial instrument is indicated in the above case? Which type of instrument is this? Name the types of floatation costs which are generally involved? How has this method helped the company? Name 2 money market instruments which are issued at discount and redeemed at par.

Debt management ratios measure how effectively the firm uses its plant and equipment. Which of the following statements is CORRECT? The use of debt will always decrease a firm's ROE. O Debt exposes the firm to more financial risk than if it was financed only with equity. Firms with relatively high debt ratios typically have lower expected returns when the economy is normal, but experience higher returns and possibly face bankruptcy if the economy goes into a recession. The TIE ratio measures the extent to which operating income can increase before the firm is unable to meet its annual interest costs.

Explain why very small to medium-size enterprises (SMEs) might face problems in obtaining appropriate sources of finance. In your answer pay particular attention to problems and issues associated with: Uncertainty concerning the business; Assets available to offer as collateral or security; and Potential sources of finance for very new SMEs excluding sources from capital markets. I need a detailed response to this question.

Help with the realtionship between financial leverage and profitability. Pelican​ Paper, Inc., and Timberland​ Forest, Inc., are rivals in the manufacture of craft papers. Some financial statement values for each company follow. Use them in a ratio analysis that compares the​ firms' financial leverage and profitability. a. Calculate the following debt and coverage ratios for the two companies. Discuss their financial risk and ability to cover the costs in relation to each other. ​(1) Debt ratio ​(2) Times interest earned ratio b. Calculate the following profitability ratios for the two  companies. Discuss their profitability relative to each other. ​(1) Operating profit margin ​(2) Net profit margin ​(3) Return on total assets ​(4) Return on common equity c. In what way has the larger debt of Timberland Forest made it more profitable than Pelican​ Paper? What are the risks that​ Timberland's investors undertake when they choose to purchase its stock instead of​ Pelican's?

Financial Ratios analysis is a part of Group of answer choices Fundamental Analysis Economic Analysis Industry Analysis Technical Analysis   2.  Financial Ratio Analysis does not enable us to Group of answer choices Compare financial conditions across firms of different sizes. Determine the best time when to invest in a company’s stock. Measure trends of how well a firm is performing over time. How well a firm is managing its debt.

Your WACC formula is a simplified version for a company using only debt and equity. In a real business context, how would you adapt and expand the original formula to account for a different type of financing?

Which of the following is an advantage of equity financing over debt financing? a. Equity financing provides necessary capital more quickly than a loan. b. The original partners can maintain total control of the company. c. It is possible to raise more money than a loan can usually provide. d. Debt financing is reserved for large corporations with a history of high profits.

The managers of a firm wish to expand the firm's operations and are trying to determine the amount of debt financing the firm should obtain versus the amount of equity financing that should be raised. The managers have asked you to explain the effects that both of these forms of financing would have on the cash flows of the firm. Write a short response to this request.

Which of the following is true regarding a company assuming more debt?   Select one: a. Assuming more debt is always bad for the company b. Assuming more debt reduces leverage c. Assuming more debt can be good for the company as long as they earn a return in excess of the rate charged on the borrowed funds d. Assuming more debt is always good for the company

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Financial Account questions.

Please answer the following follow up questions Indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false. Support your answers with the relevant explanations. d) The higher the proportion of equity in a company’s overall capital structure, thehigher return required by its debtholders. (Explain your reasoning – in yourexplanation, provide a numerical example supporting your answer.)  e) In the presence of corporate taxes, a company would prefer to raise debt onlywhen the benefits of the tax shield fully offset the cost of debt. (Explain yourreasoning – in your explanation, provide a numerical example supporting youranswer.)  f) In the presence of bankruptcy risk, the cost of capital of a company with debt is always higher than the cost of capital of an unlevered company. (Explain yourreasoning – in your explanation, provide a numerical example supporting youranswer.)

Companies borrow from various institutions in the capital market to finance their businesses for short and long term periods. The concept of a weighted cost of capital may be new to some of you, but if you were a financial manager why would the weighted cost of capital be important to you as you examine the cost of borrowing on behalf of your firm? Why or why not?

Discuss the factors that affect the WACC. Also discuss how these factors may differ somewhat from country to country.  For example, if a company has a stronger balance sheet than other companies in its industry, investors will likely be willing to accept a lower interest rates on its bonds and this will lower the company’s overall cost of capital.

Assuming that the fiscal health of the Health Company is not optimal, explain how Return on Equity (ROE) can help justify paying dividends to shareholders and increasing the company's debts. If Liver Corporation has a lower price/earnings (P/E) ratio than another firm engaged in the same business, what reasons might explain these differences? Describe at least three problems encountered in the analysis of financial indicators. Explain how the DuPont equation can help in analyzing company results.

Compare and contrast the three forms of capital structure: all equity financing, debt and equity financing, and all debt financing.  Which form of capital structure provides the greatest benefit to an organization’s shareholders?  Why?  Do you think that increased debt financing poses a greater risk to an organization?  Why?  Is there a correlation between risk and return for an organization’s shareholders?

Which of the following statements is FALSE? As debt increases, the risk associated with bankruptcy and agency costs is reduced.   Debt is often the least costly form of financing for a firm. Firms should probably use some debt in their capital structure. Different firms are subject to different levels of risk.

Indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false. Support your answers with the relevant explanations. a) The higher the proportion of equity in a company’s overall capital structure, thehigher return required by its debtholders. (Explain your reasoning – provide a numerical example supporting your answer.)  b) In the presence of corporate taxes, a company would prefer to raise debt onlywhen the benefits of the tax shield fully offset the cost of debt. (Explain yourreasoning –  provide a numerical example supporting youranswer.)  c) In the presence of bankruptcy risk, the cost of capital of a company with debt is always higher than the cost of capital of an unlevered company. (Explain yourreasoning –, provide a numerical example supporting youranswer.)

A profitability measure of ROE is affected by the level of a firm’s debt. Thus,an investor must consider the debt-equity ratio to evaluate the firm’sprofitability. The debt-equity ratio determines a firm’s financial leverage whichindicates how much of assets the firm is able to deploy for each monetary unitof stockholders’ equity.1) Explain how the financial leverage effect can be defined as the differencebetween ROE and ROA. 2) Explain how the financial leverage effect is affected by the debt ratio and theinterest rate.

Which of these is a main characteristic of debt capital?(a) Investors in debt participate in the ownership of the firm.(b) Investors in debt are paid interest.(c) Debt is more risky for the investor and less risky for the firm.(d) If dividends are not paid, this can lead to foreclosure, legal proceeding and financial distress.