FINA 460 Chapter 7 HW

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California State University, Chico *

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460

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Finance

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Jan 9, 2024

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1. An investment company has $1.05 million of assets, $50,000 of liabilities, and 10,000 shares outstanding. a. What is its NAV? Net Asset Value = (1,050,000 - 50,000) / 10,000 = $100 per share. b. Suppose the fund pays off its liabilities while at the same time the value of its assets double. How many shares will a deposit of $5,000 receive? 1,050,000 * 2 = 2,100,000 - 50,000 = 2,050,000 2,050,000 / 10,000 = $205 per share 5,000 / 205 = 24.39 shares 2. “The NAV of an open-end fund is determined continuously throughout the trading day.” Explain why you agree or disagree with this statement. Disagree. The net asset value of open-end funds are determined at the end of the trading day. The fund will provide the NAV each day in their mutual fund tables. 3. What are closed-end funds? Closed end funds are pooled assets at a fixed amount for an IPO, which then will be traded on a secondary market. Closed-ended funds are traded throughout the day and has price fluctuation. 4. Why do some closed-end funds use leverage to raise more funds rather than issue new shares like mutual funds? Closed-end funds are unable to make more shares after IPO, so if a fund requires more capital it will have to borrow money from a lender. 5. Why might the price of a share of a closed-end fund diverge from its NAV? The price of a closed end fund is determined by supply and demand during trading by the market. Shares trading below the NAV are distinguished at being moved at a discount while shares trading above the NAV are moved at a premium. Some reasons for the premium or discount can be traced back to large built-in tax liabilities or investor discounts. 6. What is the difference between a unit trust and a closed-end fund? Closed-end funds are actively traded in secondary markets where unit trust funds are given to the trustee and not touched until maturity.
7. a. Describe the following: front-end load, back-end load, level load, 12b-l fee, management fee. Agents will receive a payment from your purchase called the “front-end load ”. Wholesale companies have also developed other types such as the “ back-end load” and the “ level load ”. Back-end load is collected at the time of the fund being redeemed and is imposed as a gradual decline on withdrawal. The level load is a constant annual amount that is imposed uniformly each year. The management fee is charged by the investment advisor for managing a funds portfolio. 12b-1 fee is a general fee intended to cover distribution costs. b. Is there a limit on the fees that a mutual fund may charge? In July of 1993 the SEC set a maximum of 8.5% on the total of all fees! 8. Why do mutual funds have different classes of shares? The different classes of shares are used to distinguish between front-end, back-end, and level load types. Class A - front-end load Class B - back-end load Class C - level load There are also other load types made for special types of distributors. 9. What is an index fund? An index fund is a compilation of securities in order to passively replicate an index. Any investment into the index fund gets evenly distributed to all the investments from that index. 10. a. What is meant by a target-date fund? Target date funds are a type of mutual fund that base their asset allocations on a specific date. The structure of this fund will generally become more conservative as it approaches the target date. b. What is the motivation for the creation of such a fund? Retirement accounts require the one-size-fits-all versatility found from target date funds and have the ability to set and forget it. 11. What are the costs incurred by a mutual fund?
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