Lab 3B - Mineral Identification - S24

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Rutgers University *

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Geology

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Feb 20, 2024

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Laboratory 3B Mineral Identification and Importance CE 342 – Geology Dr. John Schuring – Spring 2024 (1) Briefly describe the Industrial and Engineering Importance of each of the following minerals. Suggest using a bulleted list format. A. Gypsum B. Calcite C. Diamond (2) List three Rare Earth Elements and briefly indicate their industrial applications. In which countries are the largest deposits of REEs found? Which country is currently the largest producer of REEs for industry? (3) Luster: Examine the six identified minerals in the ‘L uster Set. ’ Practice distinguishing the various kinds of luster including metallic, vitreous, waxy, pearly, and dull (train your eyes). Document your observations in a table format as follows: Spec. No. Mineral Name Luster Type Personal Reminder “Looks Like” (4) Cleavage, Fracture, and Crystal Habit: Examine the seven identified minerals in your ‘Cleavage, Fracture, and Crystal Habit Set’. Practice distinguishing the various kinds of surface features including basal, cubic, rhomboidal, prismatic, conchoidal, uneven, and crystal habit (train your eyes) . Record your results in a table format as follows: Spec. No. Mineral Name Cleavage, Fracture, or Habit? Identify the Kind? (5) Streak and Magnet: Try the magnet and the streak plate on each of three unidentified specimens in the ‘Streak and Magnet Set.’ Summarize your test results in table form as shown below. Then identify the minerals based on the reference materials ( Appendix A – Identification Guide for Common Minerals and the Class Notes. Color (to the eye) Color of Streak Displays Magnetic Attraction? Name the Mineral (6) Mohs Scale Scramble: a. List the 10 minerals of the Mohs Scale along with their hardness number. b. The following six minerals are provided in your ‘Mohs Hardness Set’ in scrambled order and without labels: quartz, gypsum, calcite, talc, fluorite, and feldspar. Perform a Hardness Test on each specimen using your fingernail , a steel nail, and “ successive scratching, one specimen against the other.” c. Estimate the relative hardness value “H” as follows: H<2.5, 2.5<H<4.5, etc. Keep a record of your results and display it in a table format. d. Place the specimens in order of hardness and name them. Have your results checked by the Instructor. Relative Hardness ‘H” Based on Testing Name the Mineral Mohs Scale Value (Increasing order) Checked by Instructor? Yes/No
(7) Acid Reaction: Apply a drop of cold dilute hydrochloric acid to each of the three unidentified specimens. Then using a nail, create a small pile of powder and apply the acid again. Describe your observations. Name whatever minerals you can and record your results in a table form: Reaction to acid on solid surface Reaction to acid on powder Name the Mineral (8) Unknown Minerals: As the final step, you are going to name each unknown mineral on the lab table using the reference materials ( Appendix A – Identification Guide for Common Minerals , Minerals Supplemental, and the Class Notes). Create a Mineral Analysis Summary table (landscape format) and populate it with the following information: MINERAL ANALYSIS SUMMARY Specimen No. Luster Color to the eye Streak Color Type of Cleavage, Fracture. or Habit Hardness in terms of “H” Acid Reaction (if performed) Other (heft, magnet, etc.) Name the Mineral! DUE TUESDAY, Feb. 20
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