Lab 1 Geology

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CUNY Hunter College *

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10100

Subject

Geology

Date

Dec 6, 2023

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pdf

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6

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The Basics of Geology In order to understand the concepts of geology, there are several topics that one must have knowledge of. First, in order to understand the Earth, we have to know how to locate areas using latitude and longitude coordinates. Also, we have to understand density, how the atmosphere works, and what it entails. Another important topic that will be explored in this lab is the Earth’s many layers, specifically the crusts. An extremely essential part of geological science is knowing how to convert units and utilizing scientific notation. Lastly, this lab will delve into graphing and interpreting data which is greatly used in science. This lab will focus on learning the basics of geology and science as a whole in order to understand several topics important in geology. Activity 1.1 A. 1.) Continent/Island: Asia Country: Nepal I found the peak of Mt. Everest. 2.) Continent/Island: Antarctica Country: Antarctica I found the McMurdo Station. 3.) Continent/Island: North America Country: United States I found Denali, North America’s largest mountain. 4.) Continent/Island: Europe Country: Europe I found the Eiffel Tower. B. Longitude and Latitude: 47.2640135, 39.8712958 Altitude: 95.8255519 Continent/Island: Europe Found: Arksay, Russia C. 1.) #21, NA, California, United States, San Andreas Lake 2.) #4, NA, Canada, Moore Island (part of Hudson Bay) 3.) #1, NA, Utah, United States, Bingham Copper Mine 4.) #20, Europe, Switzerland, Matterhorn Mountain 5.) #14, NA, Arizona, United States, Meteor Crater Natural Landmark 6.) #24, NA, Alaska, United States, Grass, Yukon River D. 1.) I think that the national border is located on the river by the pinpointed location.
2.) The United Kingdom and Ireland are separated by this border. It seems like the border was placed without any thought to the natural features of the land so it splits the two countries seemingly randomly which is probably due to conflict over land. 3.) The area above the river has less trees and agriculture while below the river appears to be more of a forest area which is most likely due to less people inhabiting the space. 4.) Bolivia and Brazil are separated by this border. The Rio Abuna river marks the border on the landscape. Activity 1.4 1.) Conversion factor: 63.71 mm on the map for every 1 km in Earth.
B. 2.) 45.34574 km 3.) less dense layer: lower mantle more dense layer: outer core C. The shapes of the light blue ray paths relate to the boundaries I drew and the boundaries in the density plot because the ray paths travel to the lower layers of Earth and goes through the crust and upper mantle easily. When most of the rays pass through the lower mantle, it goes back and continues from another point in the planet. Not all rays can pass through the outer core and none succeed in going through the inner core. The rays pass through densities of 0.5 to 6.4 and struggles as the densities increase throughout each layer. D. I can infer that the more dense a layer of the Earth is, the more it would sink deeper towards the core of the Earth, therefore making seismic rays harder for it to reach the more dense areas. Activity 1.5 A.
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