MassWasting_Lab_Spr21version

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Chaffey College *

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95498

Subject

Geology

Date

Dec 6, 2023

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pdf

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37

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Lab: Six types of mass wasting (landslides)* 1) avalanche - fastest 2) rockslide or landslide 3) rock fall 4) debris flow 5) slump 6) creep – slowest Reference: https ://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1325/pdf/Sections/Section1.pdf *Note – there is great variability in geology in how mass wasting terms are defined and used.
1) Avalanche Avalanches are large sudden releases of rocks on very steep mountain slopes. Avalanches release such massive amounts of rocks that they can entrain or compress air and that causes them ride out great horizontal distances. In rare cases, the original layering of the mountain rocks has been preserved miles away in the avalanche deposit which proves that the avalanche rode on compressed air. This is seen in the Blackhawk avalanche in the San Bernardino Mountains. The avalanche shown on the right is Mt. Steele in Alaska from 2007. Yukon Geological Survey
2) Rockslide – when a sheet of rock or land (soil, vegetation and loose rock) slides down a steep slope; in this photo, a sheet of sandstone rock broke loose and slid down a very steeply inclined slope; this occurred in Moab, Utah in 2019. Utah Highway Patrol
2) Landslide – an earthquake triggered this landslide in New Zealand where rocks, soil and plants slid down the mountainside blocking a road, railroad and tunnels. TRT World
3) Rock fall – is when rocks fall off of cliffs or very steep slopes by gravity free fall; this happens frequently in our local mountains so that the county uses snowplows to push the rocks to the side of the road
4) Debris flow – this is when water, dirt, rocks, trees and in this photo household junk flows downslope after heavy rains; this picture was taken in Mt. Baldy after a thunderstorm in 2014. Debris flows can also be called mud flows or earth flows but they all involve lots of water.
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