Lecture Quiz #4

Lecture Quiz #4   Sedimentary rocks, weathering, and soils 1. The two basic categories of weathering are. Chemical weathering and mechanical weathering. 2. In which area would weathering by frost wedging probably be most effective? In warm areas where freezing is infrequent, in very cold areas where thawing is infrequent, or in very dry areas, where there is little water to seep into cracks, the role of frost wedging is limited. 3. What are typical products of weathering?   quartz, clay minerals, iron oxides, aluminum oxides, Quartz Sandstone, and dissolved ions . 4. Chemical weathering of granite produces. Granite, Sandstones, and shales. 5. Stone Mountain, Georgia is a good example of   a/an. Granite (exfoliation). 6. What is considered the most influential control of soil formation. Climate: This is probably the most important factor that can shape the formation of soils. 7. What other considerations are important to soil formation and   retention? Parent material, climate, biota (organisms), topography and time . 8. Removal of soluble materials from the upper soil is termed. Leaching : loss of soluble substances and colloids from the top layer of soil by percolating precipitation.   9. Define   oxisol   soils.   Oxisol are   highly weathered soils of tropical and subtropical regions . 10. List 4 good farming practices useful for protection and retention of soils.  Contour plowing - helps prevent erosion from heavy rains.  Terracing - prevents erosion from heavy rains on the steep hills.  No-till farming - prevents erosion by providing cover that reduces water runoff.  Cover crop - restores nutrients and prevent erosion by providing cover from the wind and rain. 11. Sedimentary rocks account for about what percentage of the Earth's outermost 10 kilometers of rock?   Sedimentary rocks cover " 5% " of the "Earth's outermost 10 Km" of "rock" 12. What percentage of the Earth's surface is covered by sedimentary rocks? Approximately 75%.