Week 10_ RockCycleSE

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School

University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh *

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Course

101

Subject

Geology

Date

Jan 9, 2024

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docx

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4

Uploaded by ConstablePorpoise1757

Student Exploration: Rock Cycle Directions: Follow the instructions to go through the simulation. Respond to the questions and prompts in the orange boxes. Vocabulary: deposition, erosion, extrusive igneous rock, intrusive igneous rock, lava, lithification, magma, metamorphic rock, rock cycle, sediment, sedimentary rock, soil, weathering Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo .) 1. What happens to hot lava after it erupts from a volcano? It cools and solidifies into igneous rock. :) 2. How does rock turn into soil ? Weathering breaks rocks into smaller particles that mixes with organic matter to form soil. 3. The Mississippi River carries tons of tiny rock fragments called sediments into the Gulf of Mexico. What do you think will happen to these sediments after a few million years? These sediments will be buried by million years worth of additional sediments, which is a pressure/weight that’ll compress the sediment to become a lithified sedimentary rock. Gizmo Warm-up Over millions of years, rocks are broken down and transformed into other rocks. The Rock Cycle Gizmo illustrates the different transformations that make up the rock cycle . Before exploring the Gizmo, take a look at the image. 1. What types of rocks are shown? Igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks are shown. 2. Magma is molten (liquid) rock under Earth’s surface. Based on the image, how do you think magma turns into extrusive igneous rock ? Magma becomes extrusive igneous rock by erupting from a volcano and cooling on Earth's surface. 3. Click the Extrusive igneous rock button to the right of the image. Were you correct? Yes. Activity: The rock cycle Get the Gizmo ready : ● Click Start again . Reproduction for educational use only. Public sharing or posting prohibited. © 2020 ExploreLearning™ All rights reserved
Question: What is the rock cycle? 1. Observe : A cycle is a path with the same start and end. Create a rock cycle with the Gizmo. A. Click Magma . How hot is magma? Magma is typically around 1,832 fahrenheit. B. Click Crystallization (below ground) . What kind of rock is formed when magma cools below the surface? Intrusive rocks, such as granite and diorite, forms when crystalization below ground occurs. C. Click Exposure and weathering . What forms when rocks break down? When rocks break down, they gradually break down into smaller particles such as pebbles, cobbles, sand, silt, and clay, which we know as sediments. D. Click Erosion and deposition . In what ways are sediments transported? Sediments are transported by wind, rivers, or glaciers and are usually deposited into lakes or the ocean. E. Click Lithification and compaction . ( Lithification is hardening into rock.) What kind of rock is formed from sediments? Sediments settle and become sedimentary rock, often over the course of millions of years. F Click Increase temp. and pressure . What kind of rock is formed? When sedimentary rock experiences an increased temp and pressure, metamorphic is formed. G. Click Melt . What is formed when rocks melt deep underground? The metamorphic rock is now magma. 2. Describe : Select the PATH tab. What are the steps in this rock cycle? ● Magma cools and becomes intrusive igneous rock. ● Intrusive igneous rock weathers and erodes into sediments. ● Sediments compact and compress into sedimentary rock. This process is known as lithification. It involves the deposition of sediments, compaction due to the weight of overlying materials, and cementation where minerals fill the spaces between the compacted particles, binding them together to form rock. ● Sedimentary rock becomes metamorphic rock through a process called metamorphism. This involves the rock being subjected to high temperatures, high pressures, or chemically active fluids, often deep within the Earth's crust. These conditions alter the mineral composition and structure of the rock, transforming it into a metamorphic rock. ● Metamorphic rock becomes magma through the process of melting. When the rock is subjected to high temperatures and pressures within the Earth's crust or mantle, it can melt into a liquid state, forming magma. This process is part of the rock cycle, where rocks can change from one type to another over millions of years. 3. On your own : On the SIMULATION tab, click Start again . In the spaces below, list three rock cycles. You can start anywhere, but each cycle must begin and end at the same point. Cycle 1 Cycle 2 Cycle 3 Reproduction for educational use only. Public sharing or posting prohibited. © 2020 ExploreLearning™ All rights reserved
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