IMG_4305

Animal Nutrition: Carbohydrate Metabolism O How are absorbed products of carbohydrate digestion used? (O Several cell types in body prefer glucose. » Uses of glucose: v eneray source for cells v glycogen _ synthesis in muscle (and liver) viat synthesis if in excess of needs U Blood glucose concentrations: » Non-ruminants: v'Normal range = 60 -110 mg/dL ¥Increase after meals » Ruminants: v'Normal range = _40-60 mg/dL v'Less fluctuation due to: = Continuous VFA _ production = Continuous _digesta __ flow ® Continuous gluconeogenesis ANSC 422/522 Animal Nutrition: Energy Metabolism O What are the metabolic pathways for absorbed nutrients and production of biochemical energy? lipid carbohydate protein digestion digestion digestion Fatty acids Glucose and Amino acids and glycerol other sugars + acety -SCoA production v Sugars and amino acids ’ degraded in cell cytosol. \ v’ Fatty acids degraded in mitochondria of cell. : o » Stage 2: citric acid cvcle Acetyl-SCoA is oxidized inside mitochondria to yield reduced enzymes. Saged: A ' r H,0 v Energy in reduced enzymes p) used to make ATP by coupled REDUCED {,Electron pathways of electrol & ] ATP transport. COENZYMES enan Animal Nutrition: Carbohydrate Metabolism O What are the major pathways of carbohydrate metabolism? » Pathways either begin or end with __glucose » Functions of major metabolic pathways of carbohydrate: v'Glucose __use __as energy = Glycolysis - 10 enzyme pathway ** pathway chart ** = Citric acid cycle (or TCA cycle) . g cnzyme circle = Electron transport chain v'Glucose _production _ from non-carbohydrate precursors = Gluconeogenesis - like glycolysis but in opposite direction v Glucose _ storage or release from glycogen = Glycogenesis = Glycogenolysis ANSC 422/522 & file.groupme.com