COPD 2

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School

University of Alabama, Birmingham *

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Course

113

Subject

Health Science

Date

Oct 30, 2023

Type

pdf

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Uploaded by makiyacarter725

COPD Patient Education for COPD • Nutrition needs: eating high calorie, protein rich meals that are small but frequent and staying hydrated if not contraindicated….avoid large heavy meals due to compression on the lungs from the stomach • Avoiding sick people, irritants, hot humid (smothering) or very cold weather • Stop smoking or being around people who smoke • Vaccination up-to-date: annual flu shot and Pneumovax every 5 years because it is very hard for people with COPD to recover from illnesses • Pursed lip and diaphragmatic breathing techniques • Administering medications: be familiar with groups, side effects, and patient teaching Medication Regime for COPD Remember the mnemonic: Chronic Pulmonary Medications Save Lungs Corticosteroids: decreases inflammation and mucous production in airway… given: oral, IV, inhaled and used in combination with bronchodilator like: • Symbicort: combination of steroid and long acting bronchodilator • Other corticosteroids: Prednisone, Solu-medrol, Pulmicort • Side effects: easy bruising, hyperglycemia, risk of infection, bone problems (long term use) ⿞ Patient education: rinse mouth after using inhaled corticosteroids…can develop thrush, use corticosteroid inhaler AFTER using bronchodilator inhaler Methylxanthines: Theophylline (most commonly given orally) type of bronchodilator used long term in patients who have severe COPD • Remember: Narrow therapeutic range of 10 to 20 mcg/mL • Increases risk for digoxin toxicity and decreases the effects of lithium and Dilantin Phosphodiestrace-4 inhibitors: “Roflumilast” used for people who have chronic bronchitis and it works by decreasing COPD exacerbation… not a bronchodilator • Side effects: can cause suicidal thoughts (remember the word “last” in the drug’s name…it could be the patient’s last days if they are not assessed for this side effect) and can cause weight loss. Short-acting bronchodilators: relaxes the smooth muscle of the bronchial tubes and are used in emergency situations where quick relief is needed • Albuterol (beta 2 agonist) and Atrovent (anticholinergic) Long-acting Bronchodilators: relaxes the smooth muscle of the bronchial tubes (same as short-acting bronchodilators BUT their effects last longer) used over a longer period of time….taken once or twice a day • Beta 2 agonist: salmeterol, anticholinergics: Spiriva • Patient education: let them know which drug is short and long-acting, how to use inhaler and to use bronchodilator inhaler BEFORE steroid inhaler (wait 5 minutes in between) ⿞ WHY? TO OPEN UP THE AIRWAYS SO THE STEROID CAN GET IN THERE AND DO ITS JOB • Side effects of beta 2 agonist: increased heart rate, urinary retention • Side effects of anticholinergic: dry mouth, blurred vision

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