Study_Guide_Fundamentals_of_Industrial_H.pdf

NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL MISSION STATEMENT The mission of the National Safety Council is to educate and inﬂuence society to adopt safety, health, and environmental policies, practices, and procedures that prevent and mit- igate human suffering and economic losses arising from preventable causes. COPYRIGHT, WAIVER OF FIRST SALE DOCTRINE The National Safety Council's materials are fully protected by the United States copyright laws and are solely for the noncommercial, internal use of the purchaser. Without the prior written consent of the National Safety Council, purchaser agrees that such materials shall not be rented, leased, loaned, sold, transferred, assigned, broadcast in any media form, publicly exhibited or used outside the organization of the purchaser, or reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise. Use of these materials for training for which com- pensation is received is prohibited, unless authorized by the National Safety Council in writing. DISCLAIMER Although the information and recommendations contained in this publication have been compiled from sources believed to be reliable, the National Safety Council makes no guar- antee as to, and assumes no responsibility for, the correctness, sufficiency, or completeness of such information or recommendations. Other or additional safety measures may be required under particular circumstances Copyright  2002 by the National Safety Council All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America 06 05 04 03 02 1 2 3 4 5 ISBN: 0-87912-236-6 5C0302 Product Number: 15107-0000 ©2002 National Safety Council

iii Contents 1 Overview of Industrial Hygiene 1 2 The Lungs 13 3 The Skin and Occupational Dermatoses 23 4 The Ears 35 5 The Eyes 47 6 Industrial Toxicology 57 7 Gases, Vapors, and Solvents 67 8 Particulates 77 9 Industrial Noise 87 10 Ionizing Radiation 97 11 Nonionizing Radiation 113 12 Thermal Stress 123 13 Ergonomics 133 14 Biological Hazards 145 15 Evaluation 157 ©2002 National Safety Council

iv iv iv 16 Air Sampling 169 17 Direct-Reading Instruments for Gases, Vapors, and Particulates 181 18 Methods of Control 189 19 Local Exhaust Ventilation 201 20 Dilution Ventilation of Industrial Workplaces 213 21 General Ventilation of Nonindustrial Occupancies 219 22 Respiratory Protection 231 23 The Industrial Hygienist 243 24 The Safety Professional 251 25 The Occupational Medicine Physician 263 26 The Occupational Health Nurse 269 27 The Industrial Hygiene Program 277 28 Government Regulations 289 29 History of the Federal Occupational Safety and Health Administration 299 ©2002 National Safety Council

1 1 Overview of Industrial Hygiene Quiz 1 (25 total points) True/False (7 points) 1. Environmental stress has no effect on the aging process. a. true b. false 2. The first vital component to an effective health and safety program is the commitment of senior management and line management. a. true b. false 3. It is possible that the responsibilities of a safety professional and an industrial hygienist can be found in the same person. a. true b. false 4. In many cases it is extremely difficult to differentiate between the symptoms of occupa- tional and nonoccupational disease. a. true b. false 5. The majority of occupational health hazards arise from living organisms that can cause adverse responses in humans. a. true b. false ©2002 National Safety Council

2 Study Guide: Fundamentals of Industrial Hygiene 2 6. Solvent vapors enter the body mainly by skin absorption, although some inhalation can occur. a. true b. false 7. Storage of dangerous chemicals should be limited to one week’s supply. a. true b. false Multiple Choice (8 points) 8. The _____ must draw upon specialized knowledge in the physical and social sciences, including knowledge of engineering, physics, chemistry, statistics, mathematics, and princi- ples of measurement and analysis. a. senior manager b. safety professional c. line manager d. occupational medicine physician 9. The _____ provides the critical link between the employee’s health status, the work process, and the determination of employee ability to do the job. a. occupational health nurse b. line manager c. occupational medicine physician d. employee 10. The primary goal of the _____ is to prevent occupational illness and, when illness occurs, to restore employee health within the context of a healthy and safe workplace. a. line manager b. occupational medicine physician c. occupational health nurse d. safety professional 11. Joint labor-management safety and health committees are often used where employees are represented by a _____. a. lawyer b. agent c. union d. senior manager ©2002 National Safety Council

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