Cog Map 2

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Portland State University *

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426

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Industrial Engineering

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Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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Uploaded by ProfPowerAnteater35

Student: Maria Santiago 28 January 2024 CogMap2 Section 1: Title and Citation Johnson, JA, Anderson, DE, & Rossow, CC. Chapter 1, Introduction to Systems Thinking. Health Systems Thinking: A Primer , 1 st Edition, Jones and Bartlett Learning, 2020, PP. 1 -22. Section 2: Vocabulary a. Reductionism: a view that asserts that entities of a given kind are identical to, or are collections or combinations of, entities of another (often simpler or more basic) kind or that expressions denoting such entities are definable in terms of expressions denoting other entities (britannica.com). b. Determinant: an element that identifies or determines the nature of something or that fixes or conditions an outcome (Merriam-Webster.com). c. Transformational: change in form, appearance, nature, or character (dictionary.com). Section 3: Outline of Major Headings and Subheadings Vignettes Introduction to Systems Thinking Systems Theory and Foundations Figure 1-1 Biopsychosocial Model General Systems Theory Primary Functions of Society System Theory of Organization Health Organization Box 1-1 Attributes of Complex Adaptive Systems Additional Characteristics of Complex Systems Systems Thinking Mental Models and Systems Language Importance of Language Box 1-2 Smoking from a Systems Thinking vs. Reductionist Thinking Health Systems Thinking Concepts and Methods of Systems Thinking Figure 1-2 Systems Thinking Pyramid Systems Thinking Concepts Core Concept Descriptions Systems Thinking Tools and Methods Figure 1-3 Systems Thinking Tools Box 1-3 Common Systems Thinking Tools System Archetypes Systems Thinking Application Box 1-4 Systems Thinking for Patient Safety

Figure 1-4 Patient Safety Systems Model Figure 1-5 Multi-team System Figure 1-6 Clinical Microsystems Thinking Figure 1-7 SEIPS Model for Patient Safety Figure 1-8 Socio-technical Approach to Patient Safety Performance and Learning Systems for Threat and Error Management Figure 1-9 HRO Methods and Practices in Healthcare Organizations Section 4: General Statement of the Author’s Message This chapter's general statement conveys that system thinking is a great foundation for the healthcare system when it comes to using the tools and methods to help improve patients' health. The guidance of system thinking has helped health researchers when it comes to the experiments and programs being conducted to collect and analyze data. The usage of system archetypes helps medical researchers break down problems to see how each element relates to one another. Depending on how problems are formed can help to prevent the problem from causing a bad outcome. Understanding the overall key issue to a problem is how solutions are made. With this, it is best to intervene when a change is occurring that could potentially have a negative reaction. System thinking is a tool that can help to provide an understanding of that change and when it is applied in the healthcare system can potentially help improve people’s health. Section 5: Applications to Other Readings There is a recent reading that I was able to find on the news that applying system thinking in education could potentially help integrate new material and information with how fast the world is changing especially when it comes to technology. Adapting is the key to how systems thinking can slowly be integrated into classroom settings by reforming lessons and teaching methods. Some changes could include having classrooms go virtual which could help to allow students to learn more effectively without the anxiety that could come from being in a classroom setting. Or even potentially having schools have a hybrid where lessons are being taught remotely and in person. Other changes mentioned in the article could also include changing or adding lessons that could help students even after graduation. The curriculum currently being taught in classrooms can have subjects that may or may not be useful to have. For students to have the knowledge needed to thrive, lessons that are being taught should reflect on what they could experience in the world. The article suggests that embedding system thinking in education could help students prepare themselves for new challenges they could potentially face as adults, and it would be helpful if they are prepared for it. Section 6: Application to Self System thinking was introduced to me when I joined the Army in 2016. I was not at all prepared for the challenges that I was faced with when I first enlisted since I had little knowledge of the military or how the Army worked. I learned most of this during my time in basic training and I learned that the military uses strategic system thinking when it comes to developing operations and analyzing the data collected. I had the opportunity to develop skills and knowledge when it comes to making operation plans for a task being given to me. Some data needed to be collected

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