IT395_BrandenLandry_Assessment_2

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1 IT395 Module 2 Branden Landry IT395 Purdue University Global Professor McCracken December 21, 2023

2 1. Why are most networks, even small office/home office (SOHO) networks, considered mixed networks in terms of operating systems? Give some common examples of devices in a typical home that might be running Linux or a derivative of it. 300 words minimum. Most networks, including small office/home office (SOHO) setups, are often classified as mixed networks due to the variety of devices and operating systems they encompass. In a household, diverse devices serve different purposes, and each device might run its own operating system optimized for its function. Linux or its derivatives are prevalent in SOHO environments, often running on various devices. Here are common examples: 1. Computers and Laptops: Many users prefer Linux distributions (Ubuntu, Fedora, Debian) for their computers due to their customization options, security features, and open-source nature. These systems might be used for general computing, development work, or as servers within the home network. 2. Network-Attached Storage (NAS) Devices: These are popular in home offices for centralized data storage and management. Devices like QNAP or Synology often run Linux-based operating systems, providing file sharing, backup, and multimedia streaming functionalities. These are generally much cheaper than a SAN and can provide basic functions that a SAN can bring to the table while working on a much smaller scale. 3. Smart Home Devices: Certain smart home gadgets, like smart thermostats, home automation hubs (e.g., SmartThings), or Raspberry Pi-based DIY projects, frequently utilize Linux-based operating systems for their flexibility and customizability.

3 4. Media Streaming Devices: Some media streaming devices, like certain models of the Roku, utilize Linux-based software to power their streaming capabilities. 5. IoT Devices: Internet of Things devices, including security cameras, smart speakers, or smart TVs, may incorporate Linux-based firmware to support their functionalities. 6. Gaming Consoles: While not as common, some gaming consoles, such as the Sony PlayStation and Nintendo Switch, incorporate components of Linux within their operating systems. The presence of Linux or its derivatives in these devices contributes to the diversity of operating systems within a network. Managing such a mixed network requires understanding the unique requirements, security considerations, and interoperability challenges associated with each operating system. This diversity in operating systems presents both opportunities and challenges. It allows for a range of functionalities and customization options but also demands a thoughtful approach to security, software compatibility, and maintenance. Network administrators in SOHO settings need to be adept at managing this diversity to ensure seamless connectivity, data sharing, and security across all devices. 2. How are Unix/Linux and the Apple OS X related? 200 words minimum.

4 Unix/Linux and Apple's macOS (formerly known as OS X) share a fundamental relationship rooted in their historical and technological lineage. Apple's OS X is built upon a Unix-based foundation, drawing heavily from the principles and architecture of Unix. Here are key points that illustrate their relationship: 1. Unix Heritage: Unix, developed in the late 1960s, laid the groundwork for many modern operating systems. Linux, created in the early 1990s by Linus Torvalds, was inspired by Unix. macOS, the operating system used in Apple's Mac computers, has its roots in the Unix-like operating system BSD (Berkeley Software Distribution). 2. Common Core Elements: macOS incorporates a Unix-based core known as Darwin. Darwin integrates various components from FreeBSD (a Unix variant) and other open- source projects, making it POSIX-compliant (Portable Operating System Interface) and offering a Unix-like command-line interface. 3. Terminal and Command Line: macOS provides a Terminal application that allows users to access a Unix-based command-line interface, enabling them to execute Unix commands, shell scripting, and system administration tasks similar to those on Linux or other Unix systems. 4. Compatibility and Development: The Unix foundation of macOS facilitates cross- compatibility and software development. Many applications and utilities developed for Unix/Linux systems can be ported or run on macOS with minimal modifications due to their shared Unix-like architecture.

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