ch 6 discussion

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Southern New Hampshire University *

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520

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Law

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Jan 9, 2024

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docx

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4

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1. look at historical trends and changes, and how these have shaped the way we understand and experience the present. Let’s look at how the laws and policies regarding hate crimes have changed over time, and how these changes have affected the way these crimes are understood and responded to. Consider how societal attitudes towards marginalized groups have changed over time, and how this has influenced the way the crimes are experienced and perceived. 2. Evaluate the roles of the different public policy actors who participate in the creation of criminal justice policy There are a number of different public policy actors who play a role in the creation of criminal justice policy, including the legislative branch, the executive branch, and the judicial branch. The legislative branch, which includes Congress and state legislatures, creates laws that define and prohibit certain criminal behavior. The executive branch, which includes the president and state governors, is responsible for enforcing these laws. The judicial branch, which includes the Supreme Court and state courts, interprets and applies the law. Each of these branches has a different role in shaping criminal justice policy.
Discussion The Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA), passed in 2003, is an example of a departmental policy effort to address a public policy issue. PREA created a set of guidelines for correctional facilities to follow to prevent and respond to sexual assault in prisons and jails. The Department of Justice has overseen putting PREA into action and ensuring compliance with the criteria. This is an example of a policy endeavor to address the enormous public policy issue of sexual assault in prisons and jails. (National PREA Resource Center, n.d.) There is frequently a substantial gap between popular views of criminality and crime actuality. For example, despite evidence to the contrary, many individuals feel that crime is on the rise. This perception can have an impact on public policy, with elected officials developing and implementing policies to combat the perceived increase in crime. However, these policies may lack evidence or data and may be ineffective in addressing the actual difficulties that political players face. Policymakers must analyze the realities of crime and evidence-based strategies to combat it rather than merely responding to public impressions. (Routley, 2019) The presence of various actors in the criminal justice system can have both beneficial and harmful consequences for the public. On the plus side, it can foster a diversity of viewpoints and approaches, resulting in more innovative and successful solutions. It can also serve as a check and balance on the power of any one person or organization. On the negative side, because different players may have different priorities or approaches, it can lead to confusion and inefficiency. As a result, policies may be disjointed and fail to achieve the desired impact. (Layne, n.d.) Some examples of how multiple actors have affected the policy process include: - The creation of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) in the aftermath of the September 11th terrorist attacks. The DHS was created to coordinate the efforts of several different agencies, including the FBI, the Department of Justice, and the Department of Defense. However, the process of coordinating these agencies has been challenging, and there have been criticisms that the DHS has not been as effective as it could be. - The creation of the Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) in the 1980s. (Department of Homeland Security, 2015) REFERENCES References
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