pre class assign chapter 6

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Jan 9, 2024

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Dominique Washington MAN 5548 Pre-Class Assignment Chapter 6 Review Questions: 6.14. Describe four traditional techniques for collecting information during analysis. When might one be better than another? Interviewing individuals: Asking people certain questions to gather information about an info. systems project. During this process facts and opinions will be gathered as well. There are certain techniques for effective interviewing and there should be preparation before. This method may be better than another because there are straightforward, unbiased answers. Interviewing groups: This refers to interviewing many people at once, listening to all key information. This way of interviewing is time efficient and allows to hear many opinions. A disadvantage could be difficulty with arranging. This method may be better than another because it creates multiple different opinions in the same amount of time as a normal interview. Directly observing users: This method uses a firsthand measure to gather information. Observing can help with collecting accurate information, rather than what people may be saying in an interview. But, observing can cause people to change their normal habits to look better for those watching. This method may be better than another when trying gain more efficient and reliable information. Analyzing procedures and Documents: This process entails finding documents about organizations relevant to what you may be looking into and find insight within these documents. These documents can show problems with systems, opportunities, values, etc. Learning more about a company through its information can be a benefit to better understanding certain systems. This may be better when wanting to understand income, costs, the nature of an organization, etc. 6.15. What is JAD? How is that better than traditional information-gathering techniques? What are its weaknesses? JAD is also known as Joint Application Design, used to join users, managers, and systems analysts tangled in current system. In other words, the purpose of JAD is to collect systems requirements from key people involved. JAD is like group interviews but more intense and structured, working together for days so specify system requirements. JAD is better than traditional info gathering techniques because there is no distraction by being at the normal workplace and because are intense straightforward meetings, they gather information needed to understand system requirements. The weakness of JAD would be the expensive of it, because so many people from the workplace would be taken many hours throughout each day to have meetings, this will cost thousands of dollars.

6.19 . What are disruptive technologies and how do they enable organizations to radically change their business processes? Disruptive technologies are technologies that permit breaking long-held business guidelines that prevent organizations from creating radical occupational modifications. This enables organizations to radically change their processes by having advanced telecommunications, wireless data communication, interactive communication, automatic identification technology, high performance computing, etc. When organizations can implement these different technologies there is a higher performance and communication within the business. 6.20 . Why is continual user involvement a useful way to discover system requirements? Under what conditions might it be used? Under what conditions might it not be used? Continual user involvement is useful to discover system requirements because these requirements are gathered from the users, who may understand the system a little more. User involvement may be used when the system is not as efficient as the organization would like, then the users can provide information on these system requirements and watch and evaluate the process. This might not be used when the users are not knowledgeable enough on how to help with system requirements. In other words, the users must know how to help, if not this method is pretty much useless. 6.21. Describe Agile Usage-Centered Design. Describe the Planning Game. Compare and contrast these two requirements determination techniques. Agile usage-centered design is having a group of people (analysts, users, programmers, and testing staff) to focus on user roles, user goals, and the tasks needed to accomplish those goals. The planning game includes exploration, commitment, and steering. The planning game is specifically seeking to maximize prolific communication between those who need a new system and those who build it. Exploration means programmers convert story cards into task cards. During commitment they consent to responsibility for tasks and balance their workloads. During steering the programmers compose the code and test it. The planning game takes place amongst steering phase meetings. Both these techniques rely on user participation and cards as communication. But they differ because with planning game the business is more involved and with agile usage centered design many different people are collaborating to determine requirements. Agile usage centered design won’t work for every project. Planning game is focused on teams and having customers on-site. Problems and Exercises: 6.23 . One of the potential problems with gathering information requirements by observing potential system users mentioned in the chapter is that people may change their behavior when they are being observed. What could you do to overcome this potential confounding factor in accurately determining information requirements? To overcome this potential change in behavior when observing people, hidden cameras may help. Instead of only observing in person, observing when they do not necessarily see anyone may help with a change in behavior. If one day someone were to observe in person and the next day use hidden cameras, you could compare the discrepancy between the two if any.

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