motivation_chapter15_luis_marin_vera

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3025

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Management

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Jan 9, 2024

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"Perspectives on Motivation and their Dependence on Learned Motivation and Personal Motivation” Luis Marin Vera MAN3025-2235-2885|Organization Management Professor Dr. John Honore 20 May 2023
Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................................. 1 The Hierarchy of Needs theory .............................................................................................................. 1 The Two-factor theory .............................................................................................................................. 2 Expectancy theory ...................................................................................................................................... 3 Equity theory ............................................................................................................................................... 4 The Goal-setting theory ........................................................................................................................... 5 My Personal Motivation ........................................................................................................................... 6 Career Counselling .................................................................................................................................... 7 Levels of Engagement ............................................................................................................................... 8 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................................... 8
1 Introduction Motivation is such a complex concept that it profoundly impacts our behavior, driving us to achieve our goals and fulfill our deepest desires. Multiple theories explain motivation. These include the hierarchy of needs, two factors, expectations, equity, and goal-setting theories. Each theory offers unique insights into the dynamics of motivation and provides valuable frameworks for understanding and promoting motivation in various contexts, whether personal or organizational. The Hierarchy of Needs theory The Hierarchy of Needs theory establishes that people have a unique hierarchy of needs that must be met to self-actualize. The key to staying motivated is to meet the basic needs first and work to meet the more advanced ones. Motivation is a skill that is acquired through life experiences. Maslow (1943) first said that to get to the top of our needs, we must first satisfy our needs at the bottom. He suggests that we all have a hierarchy of needs, starting with our basic psychological needs and moving to higher- level psychological needs. We must fulfill our basic needs before focusing on personal growth and self-actualization. Maslow's (1943) concept of need satisfaction is not a black-and-white issue. He recognized that meeting and feeling many needs at once is possible. Maslow's initial theory suggested a step-by-step approach in which everyone must fully satisfy one need before moving on to the next. Maslow's (1987) later writings established the false impression his earlier claims might have given when considering an "all or nothing" phenomenon. We must recognize that we can at once feel fulfilled in different areas. Our needs are complex and multifaceted. We can simultaneously have
2 multiple needs at different levels of the hierarchy; just because we satisfy one need does not mean the next one will not emerge. Maslow's clarification offers a deeper insight into the complexities of human motivation. Hence, it is essential to prioritize our motivation since our values and life experiences shape our priorities and the needs on which we focus. Maslow's hierarchy of needs is not absolute truth. The Two-factor theory Herzberg and his colleagues (Herzberg, Mausner, & Snyderman, 1959) introduced the two-dimensional paradigm of factors influencing motivation. Frederick Herzberg later developed the two-factor theory (Herzberg, 1966), emphasizing the importance of intrinsic and extrinsic factors when motivating ourselves. Motivation is not just about external factors but also refers to the internal drive and pure enjoyment we feel when doing something that aligns with our interests, values, and personal growth, and extrinsic motivation is about those external rewards and incentives that keep us going, like salary, recognition, and promotions. According to the Two-Factor Theory, as we progress in our careers, we gain a profound insight into what truly sparks joy, satisfaction, and fulfillment in our professional lives—discovering tasks, challenges, and responsibilities that align with our passions and values. Gaining knowledge is crucial in shaping future expectations and preferences. It helps identify and pursue the things that genuinely motivate them. Everyone has their own set of unique drivers and factors that inspire and motivate them. Intrinsic motivation is a personal key to growth. Autonomy and the pursuit of mastery are significant drivers in life. However, some people find their drive-in external factors like
3 money, prestige, and acknowledgment. Understanding and tapping into personal motivations to reach goals and achieve success is essential. Personal motivation is vital to finding job satisfaction. People will have the highest job satisfaction and engagement when they align tasks, roles, and responsibilities with personal motivations. Conversely, they may feel dissatisfied and unhappy if their motivations do not align with their work. Hence, finding a genuinely fulfilling career that brings joy is essential. Frederick Herzberg's two-factor theory is a paradigm shift in motivation. It emphasizes the crucial role of intrinsic and extrinsic factors in keeping us excited and ready to go. Discovering personal motivations and preferences is vital to staying motivated and finding satisfaction and fulfillment at work. As well as maximizing job satisfaction and achieving professional success, align tasks and responsibilities with personal motivations. Expectancy theory Expectancy theory is a motivational theory proposed by Victor Vroom (1964) that highlights the importance of our expectations and thinking processes in driving our motivation. This theory suggests that our drive stems from the conviction that our hard work will yield triumphant results, ultimately leading to our coveted goals and rewards. Learned motivation is a crucial aspect of the expectancy theory. We understand how experiences shape our efforts, performance, and results to keep us motivated and our eyes on the prize. Moreover, our personal goals, values, and aspirations significantly shape our mindset toward success, powerfully influencing our expectations and preferences, especially about what drives us.
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