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Mathematics

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Apr 3, 2024

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ED 203 Early Childhood Curriculum Ch.13 Homework (Be sure you also read Part 5 pages 417-422) NAME: Multiple Choice (7 pts. each) 1. Many misconceptions exist about what number is in the early childhood years. Which of the following must young children develop before they can reliably understand and use number? A. one to one correspondence. B. numeral recognition. C. the ability to count to 100. D. the ability to name shapes. 2. Teaching math to young children includes: A. directly teaching math concepts. B. specially designed seatwork that coordinates with your theme, for example "Draw a line around the group of three dinosaurs”. C. supporting children as they discover math for themselves through play and daily life. D. using fun games and activities to memorize math facts. 3. Which of the following is the most developmentally appropriate activity to support children's understanding of one-to-one correspondence? A. Tell them how many plates there are and ask them to set out the napkins. B. Have them each bring in a photo of their families and count the number of people in each. C. Have one child pass out snack to each child present. D. Make a work job where children lay down the correct number of objects next to the numeral. 4. For adult’s math is the study of the relationships among numbers, shapes, and quantities. It uses signs, symbols, and proofs and includes arithmetic, algebra, calculus, geometry, and trigonometry. Math in preschool is best described as: A. social knowledge taught through drill and memorization of number facts. B. counting, solving word problems, and identifying geometric shapes taught by specially designed worksheets. C. a way to structure experience to form ideas about quantitative logical and spatial relationships learned through active construction in play. D. number facts, following directions, and numeral recognition learned in fun ways like fingerplays and songs. 5. Piaget describes three types of knowledge that help us to understand the inquiry curriculum. Logico- mathematical knowledge is: A. the knowledge of external reality gained from doing or acting on things. It enables children to understand the properties of objects. B. the knowledge learned from others rather than from direct experience. It is based upon what people decide. C. the knowledge of logical relationships. It is dependent on one’s own observation, experience and reflection. D. the knowledge of mathematical formulae. It is not appropriately taught until middle childhood. 6. A child's ability to understand and develop a concept depends on: A. cognitive maturation and the availability of relevant experiences. B. innate ability and early education. C. the parent's/family's ability to provide a good foundation for learning D. whether or not a concept is interesting. 7. To support inquiry, skilled teachers make comments and ask questions that: A. help them evaluate if a child needs special services. B. teach children correct answers about how the world works. C. help children notice detail, make comparisons, and come to conclusions. D. help children learn "pre-formed" ideas they will need to do well on standardized tests.
8. The process that a child uses to learn about the world and construct concepts are referred to as inquiry processes. Which of the following inquiry processes apply to young children: A. exploring, identifying, classifying, comparing, contrasting, hypothesizing, and generalizing. B. talking, listening, answering, responding, memorizing, summarizing, and sharing. C. surveying, visualizing, adding, subtracting, and qualifying. D. creating, playing, building, reading and writing, and performing. 9. Which of the following is an open question that models inquiry in the following situation? You and four-year-old Ariel are feeding the fish, shrimp and crabs in the class aquarium. When you sprinkle fish food all the animals suddenly become very active. A. “What’s happening Ariel”? B. “Are the fish hungry”? C. “Do you like looking at the fish”? D. “How many fish are there”? 10. Math processes ( not math content ) appropriate for young children include: A. problem solving, reasoning, and connecting B. matching and ordering C. patterns and measurement D. probability 11. Math content ( not math processes ) appropriate for young children includes: A. unit blocks B. communication and connecting C. matching, classifying, ordering D. adding and subtracting True/False Circle the correct answer for each item. (2pts. each) 1. Learning facts is the purpose of the inquiry curriculum in early childhood education. True / False 2.. There national standards for math in preschool programs. True / False 3. The concreteness of a concept refers to whether the concept can be directly experienced or observed. True / False 4. A Unit Block set in a preschool classroom block area provides mathematical learning experiences as well as helps children develop motor coordination and strength. True / False Mini-Essay:  Describe how you could respond in order to teach math concepts in the following situation. Hint: be sure you have read Communication that Supports Inquiry pp. 421-422 . Up to 15 pts. Do NOT rely on direct instruction. At snack you give each child two graham crackers. Sage breaks both her crackers in half before she eats them Micah complains. “She has four crackers and I only got two! I would ask Micah, “Hmm, I wonder how Sage ended up with four graham crackers after she got only two graham crackers? What did she do to split one into two?” Micah should break one in half and I will ask him, “How many graham crackers do you have now?” Micah should say three, then I will proceed to ask him how many he would have if he broke the other whole graham cracker in half. “If you have one whole cracker and two broken crackers which makes 3 crackers, how many would you have if you broke the other whole cracker? Each whole cracker is now 2 broken crackers.” Micah should break the other whole graham cracker, and I will ask him to count how many crackers there are now in total. “How many crackers do you have now Micah? Do you have the same amount as Sage?”
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