Shark Bite Case Study

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Arizona State University *

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Course

201

Subject

Mechanical Engineering

Date

Dec 6, 2023

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docx

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2

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Taya, Sam, Madison, Garrett List the additional resources you use to answer the following questions: 1. Identify at least five organ systems in this region of the arm that the surgeon would have marked for reattachment. - Muscular system - Skeletal system - Nervous system - Circulatory System - Integumentary system 2. List the names of the specific structures that had to be reattached. - Humerus bone - Triceps brachii (long, lateral, and medial head) - Brachialis m. - Biceps brachii (short and long head) - Brachioradialis m. - Flexor carpi radialis - Flexor carpi ulnaris - Flexor digitorum profundus - Flexor digitorum superficialis - Flexor pollicis longus - Palmaris longus - Pronator quadratus - Pronator teres - Supinator - Skin - Median nerve - Radioulnar nerve 3. What organ system was most likely not reattached? Explain. - The skin, integumentary system, was most likely not reattached. It was stitched together, and then healed on its own. 4. Why was a clean bite so important? - A clean bite is very important as it will make the identification of structures easier and for the surgeons to facilitate reattachment in a more efficient manner 5. Why was the bone shortened? - The surgeon had to remove the rough, damaged edges of the bone to have a clean surface that a plate can be attached on to help keep his arm in one piece 6. Identify the movements associated with the arm, forearm, wrist, and fingers. - Abduction, adduction, extension, flexion 7. Explain how the movements of the reattached arm might be altered after the reattachment. - A lot of movements such as arm flexion or extension may be difficult due to the bite cutting right through the bicep and tricep 8. Define collateral circulation and identify the regions of collateral circulation that would be found in the upper extremity.
- Network of specialized “endogenous bypass vessels”,this provides protection against ischemic injury - Ulnar, radius, interosseous veins in forearm, paired brachial veins of upper arm, axillary vein 9. Identify the specific vessels that provide the collateral circulation to the elbow. - Brachial artery 10. Identify specific types of activities that might cause Jim problems after recovery. - Activities that might cause problems after recovery may be picking up items, any type of flexion or extension 11. Why would full use of his arm be unlikely? - Because of the nerve damage, not all of the nerve fibers would be able to fully regenerate. This is common amongst replantation of limbs, but there still is no guarantee of getting back full use of his arm. 13. Assume the surgery to reconnect blood vessels was successful and blood flow was re- established immediately throughout the arm. Would the nerves of the arm recover as quickly and completely as the muscles? Explain why or why not. - The nerves would not recover as quickly and completely as the muscles as they do not regenerate as well, and they don’t have as great of a blood supply. Muscles are the fastest healing tissue as they have the greatest blood supply in the body. 14. How might this situation have been different if Jim had been 80 instead of 8 years old? - If Jim was 80 years old, his body would not have recovered from the injuries as well because the tissue and bone growth would slow down significantly. - If they are on an anticoagulant or other medications, they might bleed out from the initial shark bite - Because of their skin and integumentary system, they are at a higher risk of infection https://symmetryptaustin.com/healing-expectations-for-different-tissue-types/ https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/treatment/replantation/
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