pp_lab_report_respiratory_224233

Laboratory Report LABORATORY REPORT Activity: Respiratory Volumes Name: Munkyeong Cho Instructor: Donald Pump Date: 10.31.2023 Predictions 1. During exercise TV will increase 2. During exercise IRV will decrease 3. During exercise ERV will decrease 4. During exercise VC will not change 5. During exercise TLC will not change Materials and Methods 1. Dependent Variable respiratory volumes 2. Independent Variable level of physical activity [resting or exercising] 3. Controlled Variables sex, age, height 4. Which respiratory volume was calculated? Tidal (TV), Inspiratory Reserve (IRV), Expiratory Reserve (ERV), and Breathing Rate. 5. What was the purpose of the nose clip? This is used to verify that their isn't air passing through the nose which will cause inaccurate results. Results Table 2: Average Breathing Rates and Lung Volumes Resting Values Exercising Values Breathing Rate TV(L) ERV(L) IRV(L) RV(L) Breathing Rate TV(L) ERV(L) IRV(L) RV(L) Subject1 10.4 0.6 1.5 2.3 1.6 26.4 1.8 0.7 1.1 1.6 Subject2 11.1 0.4 1.5 2.4 1.6 27.2 1.6 0.6 1.9 1.6 Subject3 11.9 0.4 1.4 2.3 1.6 27.5 1.8 0.7 1.8 1.6 Averages 11.1 0.5 1.5 2.3 1.6 27.0 1.7 0.7 1.6 1.6 Laboratory Report/ Munkyeong Cho/ Respiratory Volumes/ Donald Pump/ 10.31.2023/ Page [1] of [4]

Laboratory Report Comparison of Resting and Exercising Lung Volumes and Breathing Rate L 0 0.6 1.2 1.8 2.4 3 1 2 3 4 Resting Values Exercising Values 1. TV 2. ERV 3. IRV 4. RV L 0 6 12 18 24 30 1 Resting Values Exercising Values 1. Breathing Rate 1. Did the breathing rate increase, decrease, or not change with exercise? Increased 2. Did the tidal volume increase, decrease, or not change with exercise? Increased 3. Did the expiratory reserve volume increase, decrease, or not change with exercise? Decreased 4. Did the inspiratory reserve volume increase, decrease, or not change with exercise? Decreased 5. Did the inspiratory capacity increase, decrease, or not change with exercise? Increased 6. Did the functional residual capacity increase, decrease, or not change with exercise? Decreased 7. Did the minute ventilation increase, decrease, or not change with exercise? Increased Table 3: Lung Capacities and Minute Ventilation Resting Values Exercising Values IC(L) FRC(L) VC(L) TLC(L) Minute Ventilation (L) IC(L) FRC(L) VC(L) TLC(L) Minute Ventilation (L) Subject1 2.9 3.1 4.4 6.0 6.2 2.9 2.3 3.6 5.2 47.5 Subject2 2.8 3.1 4.3 5.9 4.4 3.5 2.2 4.1 5.7 43.5 Subject3 2.7 3.0 4.1 5.7 4.8 3.6 2.3 4.3 5.9 49.5 Averages 2.8 3.1 4.3 5.9 5.1 3.3 2.3 4.0 5.6 46.8 Laboratory Report/ Munkyeong Cho/ Respiratory Volumes/ Donald Pump/ 10.31.2023/ Page [2] of [4]

Laboratory Report 9. Explain the importance of the change in minute ventilation with exercise. The amount of volume that is inhaled and exhaled in a minute is determined by multiplying the tidal volume by the respiratory rate, a process known as minute ventilation. With exercise, this will rise dramatically as your respiratory rate and tidal volume increase. This happens because there is a higher demand for oxygen because of the increased blood flow and activity. 10. Restate your predictions that were correct and give data from your experiment that support them. Restate your predictions that were not correct and correct them with supporting data from your experiment. TV will rise, IRV will fall, ERV will drop, VC will remain unchanged, and TLC will remain unchanged during exercise. The aforementioned tables provide evidence that these predictions were accurate. Application 1. During strenuous exercise, TV plateaus at about 60% of VC but minute ventilation continues to increase. Explain how that would occur The body raises its breathing rate during activity in order to enhance the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide, which raises minute ventilation. 2. Emphysema causes alveolar dilation and destruction of alveolar walls which causes an increase in residual volume with air that cannot be exhaled. Assuming that an individual's TLC does not change, explain why a person with developing emphysema is not short of breath while resting, but becomes short of breath after climbing a flight of stairs. Less oxygen can enter the circulation when alveolar walls are destroyed. As a result, the lungs retain the excess air and prevent the entry of fresh air. Emphysema sufferers have adjusted to this at a resting pace. Breathlessness results from their bodies not being able to meet the increased oxygen demand during exercise. Laboratory Report/ Munkyeong Cho/ Respiratory Volumes/ Donald Pump/ 10.31.2023/ Page [4] of [4]