armanion_P1_Milestone2

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McMaster University *

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1P13

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Mechanical Engineering

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Dec 6, 2023

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12

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MILESTONE 1 (INDIVIDUAL) COVER PAGE Team Number: 38 Day-## Please list full name and MacID. Full Name: MacID: Nada Armanios Armanion Milestone 1 (Stage 2) Preliminary Objective Tree Team ID: Day-## This is an individual deliverable each team member will complete during Design Studio 3. Review the 4 different engineering scenarios outlined in the Project 1 module The Project Manager will assign each team member one scenario Complete a preliminary objective tree for your assigned scenario on the following page Name: Nada Armanios MacID: Armanion Engineering Scenario #: 1 Enter title of assigned scenario Renewable Energy for a large population Insert individual preliminary objective tree diagram for assigned scenario in the space
below MILESTONE 2 (INDIVIDUAL) COVER PAGE Team Number: Day-## Please list full name and MacID. Full Name: MacID:
Milestone 2 (Stage 0) Research Memo Team ID: Day-## This is an individual deliverable and should be completed by each team member prior to Design Studio 3. Summary of wind turbine blade technology and potential design considerations. Each individual research memo should be no more than one page , excluding references.
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1. Introduction: The prevalence of sustainable energy has been increasing in past years as a response to the negative effects associated with traditional fossil-fuel-based energy sources. One common form of clean energy is wind energy, which utilizes wind to produce electricity. Turbines on the windmill are blown by the wind, which spins a rotor that then spins a generator to create electricity [1]. 2. Design factors affecting turbines: Wind turbines can widely vary and can be manipulated to fulfill different objectives. Some factors that affect the function of turbines are the materials used, the surrounding weather and atmosphere, and blade dimensions [2]. - Objective: the goal of this turbine according to the scenario is: “...provide enough energy to power simple electrical devices like LED lights... (the turbines) should be long lasting and require little maintenance... (and be) suitable for easy assembly with widely available materials [3] .” The turbine therefore must be manipulated to fulfill these requirements. - Blade specifications: The blade's dimensions, including the radius and thickness, can affect its effectiveness. The velocity and the surrounding air pressure of the turbine must be kept in mind in order to choose the correct thickness, suitable for the environment [4]. The following equation outlines these variables: p=12ρv 2 ≈3000 Pa , where p is air pressure, v is velocity, and Pa is pressure in pascals. - Materials: The turbine must be able to withstand without yielding, so choosing the correct material is vital. The following equation expresses this: σ<σy, where σ is the yield of the strength materia l. According to the objective, the blade should also be sustainable and long lasting, so it should exhibit the following properties: low density, high strength, and long fatigue life [5]. 3. Conclusion: There are many things to consider when building a turbine, primarily its objective and what it should be designed to do. The radius, thickness, and material of the blade can be manipulated to fulfill the desired criteria. A proper understanding of the objective and constraints is necessary for a successful project.
[1] “Wind Energy,” Nationalgeographic.org , 2022. https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/wind-energy/ (accessed Sep. 28, 2023). [2] “Wind power - Energy Education,” Energyeducation.ca , 2020. https://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Wind_power#:~:text=Wind%20Resource,than%20havi ng%20occasional%20high%20winds (accessed Sep. 28, 2023). [3] “2 - P1 Worksheets (INDIVIDUAL) milestone 1.docx,” Sharepoint.com , 2023. https://mcmasteru365- my.sharepoint.com/:w:/r/personal/armanion_mcmaster_ca/_layouts/15/Doc.aspx?sourcedoc=% 7B4085DA71-EA5A-4E7A-AFA6-A20C47AAFC07%7D&file=2%20- %20P1%20Worksheets%20(INDIVIDUAL)%20milestone%201.docx&action=default&mobiler edirect=true (accessed Sep. 28, 2023). [4] “17.2: Wind - Turbine Power Generation,” Geosciences LibreTexts , Jan. 22, 2020. https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Meteorology_and_Climate_Science/Practical_Meteorolo gy_(Stull)/17%3A_Regional_Winds/17.01%3A_Section_2- #:~:text=Modern%20large%20wind%20turbines%20have,generate%20up%20to%202.5%20M W. (accessed Sep. 28, 2023). [5] S. Mutkule, Gorad, Raut, and Nikam, “Optimum and Reliable Material for Wind Turbine Blade.” Available: https://www.ijert.org/research/optimum-and-reliable-material-for-wind- turbine-blade-IJERTV4IS020677.pdf
MILESTONE 3A (INDIVIDUAL) COVER PAGE Team Number: Day-## Please list full name and MacID. Full Name: MacID: Team ID: Day-## Milestone 3A (Stage 2) Material Selection: MPI and material ranking Document the results of your materials selection and ranking on the following pages. All different types of steel (carbon steels, alloy steels, stainless steels) have very similar Young’s moduli. For this stage in Project 1, please group all variations of steels into one family as “steel” . Please put steel in your material ranking list only once and indicate in a bracket which steels made the top ranks. Each team member is required to complete this worksheet Material Property Chart
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Assigned MPI Functional Constraint Objective Insert a screenshot of the material property chart with MPI guideline. Please clearly label the top 5 materials with their names in the plot . Material Ranking Rank 1 Rank 2 Rank 3 Rank 4 Rank 5 Assigned MPI:
MILESTONE 3B (INDIVIDUAL) COVER PAGE Team Number: Day-## Please list full name and MacID. Full Name: MacID:
Milestone 3B Design Embodiment Solid Model of Turbine Blade Insert screenshots of your solid model in multiple views (please show evidence of accurate CAD modeling by showing measurements including volume).
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Deflection Simulation Simulated deflection (mm): Material Selected: Insert screenshots of your deflection simulation and provide evidence of the simulated deflection . Must show scale that is present on the left side of the screen. MILESTONE 4 (INDIVIDUAL) COVER PAGE Team Number: Day-##
Please list full name and MacID. Full Name: MacID: Milestone 4 (Stage 1) Estimate Thickness Requirement Team ID: Day-## Estimate the deflection of the turbine blade on the following page Each team member is required to complete this worksheet The title of the scenario Chosen Material Material Name Young’s Modulus (GPa) Yield Strength (MPa) Chosen Material Insert a screenshot of the simulation with the deflection value, and the assigned thickness. Screenshot of Deflection Assigned thickness, t from Table 1 (mm) Estimated deflection δ (mm) Insert screenshot of deflection simulation . Must show scale that is present on the left side of the screen.
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