phys221 lab4
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Dec 6, 2023
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Laboratory Report 4
The goal of this lab is to better understand the concepts of work, energy, conservation of
energy, and ordered/disordered energy. I’ll also be able to differentiate between kinetic and
potential energy.
Design a track that is fun, challenging and relatively safe. Paste a picture of your track
into your log.
Use the Energy Graphs to track the Skater's mechanical energy. Decide which graphs or
charts best help you understand what makes your track successful.
I thought the bar graph was easier to understand.
Explain why your track is successful in terms of conservation of mechanical energy.
Refer to Charts or Graphs to help explain your reasoning.
I think my track is successful because the movement of the energy is ordered. My track is
conserving energy rather than disordering it.
Using conservation of mechanical energy, explain what things need to be considered
when designing
any
successful track.
Friction should be strongly considered because it causes energy to convert from ordered to
disordered. Another factor to consider is the mass of the skater could also affect the resulting
energy.
Explain what changes in the simulation when you add friction. How does the energy
distribution change?
When I added friction, the skater significantly slowed down and did not make it over the loop of
my track. Potential energy and kinetic energy are still inverses of each other; however, an
additional thermal energy was factored into total energy when friction was included.
Experiment:
What is the value of the spring constant k (magnitude and units)?
k= 2.835
What is the equilibrium position x
equ
of the free end of the spring in units of cm, i.e. in
your graph, what is x (in m) when y = 0?
x
equ
= 18.6 cm
Is the gravitational potential energy lost equal to the elastic potential energy stored in
the spring? If not, approximately how much of the work done by gravity is stored in the
spring, and what do you think happened to the rest of it?
The gravitational potential energy lost is not equal to the elastic potential energy stored in the
spring. Approximately half the energy is lost, and half the work done by gravity will be stored in
the spring. The remaining energy will be converted into disordered energy.
Add a plot of ½k(x - x
equ
)
2
to your graph and paste your graph into your log.
Reflection:
In the first portion of this lab, I used an interactive website to build my own skateboard
track and test it out. This allowed me to visually see the different types of energy at each exact
moment. It was also a great demonstration of how friction also affects energy. In the second
portion of this lab, I had to create a force vs position chart then used that information to create
a potential energy vs position chart. I had to find ½k(x - x
equ
)
2
and use that equation to create the
second graph which demonstrates the potential energy being stored in the spring.
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Related Questions
Part 2
Set up a spreadsheet solution to this problem. This will require that you derive one
formula to express the relationship between the friction coefficient, the spring constant,
and the spring compression; and a second formula to find the cost of using different slide
and spring types. Set up your spreadsheet as shown below. You can fill in the
"Acceptable?" column manually, rather than using a formula. Turn in a copy of your
spreadsheet/Matlab work
(solve for $)
Friction Spring Constant Spring Compression
M
k
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
50
100
150
50
100
150
4
Part 3
Your boss has decided to look at a second option. The spring mechanism will be
replaced by a drop box. After leaving the slide, the blocks will travel 5 horizontal feet
through the air and pass through a hole into the drop box. Using the slide you selected
above, determine how far below the slide (h) to place the hole in the drop box.
Yo = 5.2017/5
BLADE
2
RAMPE SLIDE
8⁰
SLIDE
Acceptable?
(Yes or No)
$'
Cost
51
In
DROP…
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F
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