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Week 7 Discussion
Previously, you were presented with resources explaining aircraft weight and balance
calculations. Now, research the web for more information, but focus on problems associated
with failing to maintain proper weight and balance or overloading an aircraft.
Locate a reliable source, taking care to rely on primary sources of information and avoid
secondary sources. Think about how you would prevent or correct the situation that caused the
problem. Use this discussion forum to share your analysis and cite your sources.
Aircraft weight and balance is incredibly important when it comes to deciding if the aircraft is
safe to fly or not. Aircraft only produce a certain amount of lift determined by how they are
designed, and the maximum weight of an aircraft must not exceed the amount of lift it is able to
produce. Balance is important when it comes to the maneuverability and aerodynamics of an
aircraft. If an aircraft isn’t balanced or is overloaded, it can severely reduce an aircraft’s
performance to the point of causing aerodynamic stalls or total loss of aircraft control.
In February 2018, the National Transportation Safety Board released “Safety Alert 072 –
Minding Weight, Maintaining Balance” that stated 136 aviation mishaps between 2008 and
2016 were caused by improper preflight weight and balance calculations, or the lack of them
altogether. It also highlighted multiple different incidents where weight and balance were not
considered during preflight preparation. On September 15, 2015, a float-equipped Otter was
taking off from a lake in Alaska to transport passengers to a remote fishing spot and only
reached an altitude of 175 feet before descending and impacting the terrain. Three passengers
were killed while the pilot and other six passengers were injured in the crash. During the
subsequent investigation, the pilot admitted that he just “guesstimated” the airplane’s weight
and balance. It turns out that the airplane was overloaded by over 500 pounds and the center
of gravity was past the aft CG limit by 4.08 inches. It was found that the airplane was not able to
reach the correct airspeed for take-off due to the overload and that caused the plane to stall.
On top of the weight and balance issues, the pilot was relying on visual sight cues instead of
flight instruments although it was dark, and he most likely experienced spatial disorientation.
The solution to preventing this mishap would have been pretty cut and dry – calculate the
proper weight and balance of the aircraft and use proper procedures for flying at night. It seems
that the pilot was just being careless and possibly overconfident in their abilities and
unfortunately it caused the death of three passengers.
References:
NTSB Safety Alert 072 - Minding weight, maintaining balance
. National Transportation Safety
Board. (2018).
https://www.mlit.go.jp/common/001231152.pdf
Aviation Investigation Final Report - NTSB #ANC15FA071
. National Transportation Safety Board.
(2017).
https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=91981
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