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Chapter 6 homework 6.6
Using the appropriate table, determine the indicated property for a process in which there is no change in specific entropy between state 1 and state 2. a.
water, p
1
= 14.7 lbf/in
2
, T
1
= 500°F, p
2
= 100 lbf/ in
2
. Find T
2
in °F. 1017 b.
water, T
1
= 10°C, x
1
= 0.75, saturated vapor at state 2. Find p
2
in bar. 6.897 c.
air as an ideal gas, T
1
= 27°C, p
1
= 1.5 bar, T
2
= 127°C. Find p
2
in bar. 4.119 d.
air as an ideal gas, T
1
= 100°F, p
1
= 3 atm, p
2
= 2 atm. Find T
2
in °F. 38.7 e.
Refrigerant 134a, T
1
= 20°C, p
1
= 5 bar, p
2
= 1 bar. Find v
2
in m
3
/kg. 0.188 6.7
Air in a piston
–
cylinder assembly undergoes a process from state 1, where T
1
= 300 K, p
1
= 100 kPa, to state 2, where T
2
= 500 K, p
2
= 650 kPa. Using the ideal gas model for air, determine the change in specific entropy between these states, in kJ/kg · K, if the process occurs (a) without internal irreversibilities, (b) with internal irreversibilities. −0.0197
6.25
Three m
3 of air in a rigid, insulated container fitted with a paddle wheel is initially at 295 K, 200 kPa. The air receives 1546 kJ of work from the paddle wheel. Assuming the ideal gas model, determine for the air (a) the mass, in kg, (b) final temperature, in K, and (c) the amount of entropy produced, in kJ/K. 7.087, 592.6, 0.5106 kJ/kg/K or 3.6135 kJ/K
–
error in book solution, and I also made an error –
fixed now. 6.56 Air enters a compressor operating at steady state at 15 lbf/in
2
, 80°F and exits at 400°F. Stray heat transfer and kinetic and potential energy effects are negligible. Assuming the ideal gas model for the air, determine the maximum theoretical pressure at the exit, in lbf/in
2
. 77.35 6.61 An open feedwater heater
is a direct-contact heat exchanger used in vapor power plants. Shown in Fig. P6.61 are operating data for an open feedwater heater with H
2
O as the working fluid operating at steady state. Ignoring stray heat transfer from the outside of the heat exchanger to its surroundings and kinetic and potential energy effects, determine the rate of entropy production, in kW/K. 9.51 (66.32, 13.68)
6.80
Air in a piston
–
cylinder assembly expands isentropically from T
1
= 1800°R, p
1
= 2000 lbf/in
2
, to p
2
= 20 lbf/in
2
. Assuming the ideal gas model, determine the temperature at state 2, in °R, using (a) data from Table A-22E, and (b) a constant specific heat ratio, k
= 1.4. Compare the values obtained in parts (a) and (b) and comment. 510.4, 482.9 6.81
Air in a piston-cylinder assembly is compressed isentropically from state 1, where T
1
= 35°C, to state 2, where the specific volume is one-tenth of the specific volume at state 1. Applying the ideal gas model and assuming variations in specific heat, determine (a) T
2
, in °C, and (b) the work, in kJ/kg. 474.5, 330.2 6.85 Air within a piston
–
cylinder assembly, initially at 30 lbf/in
2
, 510°R, and a volume of 6 ft
3
, is compressed isentropically to a final volume of 1.2 ft
3
. Assuming the ideal gas model with k
= 1.4 for the air, determine the (a) mass, in lb, (b) final pressure, in lbf/in
2
, (c) final temperature, in °R, and (d) work, in Btu. 0.953, 285.55, 970.9, -75.3 6.88
The accompanying table provides steady-state data for an isentropic expansion of steam through a turbine. For a mass flow rate of 2.55 kg/s, determine the power developed by the turbine, in MW. Ignore the effects of potential energy. 1.0
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Related Questions
6.6 Using the appropriate table, determine the indicated property for a process in which
there is no change in specific entropy between state 1 and state 2.
a. water, p. = 14.7 lbf/in², T₁ = 500°F, P₂ = 100 lbf/ in². Find T₂ in °F. 1017
b. water, T₂ = 10°C, x₂ = 0.75, saturated vapor at state 2. Find p, in bar. 6.897
c. air as an ideal gas, T₁ = 27°C, p. = 1.5 bar, T₂ = 127°C. Find p, in bar. 4.119
d. air as an ideal gas, T₁ = 100°F, P. = 3 atm, p₂ = 2 atm. Find T₂ in °F. 38.7
e. Refrigerant 134a, T: = 20°C, p. = 5 bar, p₂ = 1 bar. Find v₂ in m³/kg. o.188
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Initially contains Air:
P1 = 30 lbf/in^2
T1 = 540 °F
V1 = 4 ft^3
Second phase of process involving Air to a final state:
P2 = 20 lbf/in^2
V2 = 4.5 ft^3
Wheel transfers energy TO the air by WORK at 1 Btu.
Energy transfers TO the air by HEAT at 12 Btu.
Ideal Gas Behavior.
Find T2 in Radians.
Wpw
=-1 Btu
Ima
Q = -12 Btu
Air
Wpist
= ?
Initially, p₁ = 30 lbf/in.², T₁ = 540°F, V₁ = 4 ft³.
Finally, p2 = 20 lbf/in.², V₂ = 4.5 ft³.
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Initially contains Air:
P1 = 30 lbf/in^2
T1 = 540 °F
V1 = 4 ft^3
Second phase of process involving Air to a final state:
P2 = 20 lbf/in^2
V2 = 4.5 ft^3
Wheel transfers energy TO the air by WORK at 1 Btu.
Energy transfers TO the air by HEAT at 12 Btu.
Ideal Gas Behavior.
Wpw
=-1 Btu
Ima
Determine whether the propeller's work is done BY the system or
On the system.
Q = -12 Btu
Air
Wpist
= ?
Initially, p₁ = 30 lbf/in.², T₁ = 540°F, V₁ = 4 ft³.
Finally, p2 = 20 lbf/in.², V₂ = 4.5 ft³.
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Include simple schematic , process digram , and assumption
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I only need number 4 please. Calculate the internal energy for each of the four stages given in Problem no. 3.
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An air bubble rises from the bottom of a well where the temperature is 25oC, to the surface where the temperature is 27o If the depth of the well is 5m and the atmospheric pressure is 101.325kPa, determine the following:
Initial pressure inside the air bubble (P1).
Volume of air bubble at state 1.
Volume of air bubble at state 2.
Percent increase in volume of the bubble.
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Q3. The data listed in the following table gives hourly measurements of heat flux q (cal/cm? /h) at the surface
of a solar collector. As an architectural engineer, you must estimate the total heat absorbed by a 150,000-cm2
collector panel during a 14-h period. The panel has an absorption efficiency eab of 45%. The total heat absorbed
is given by:
h = eab
q A
where A = area and g = heat flux.
4
6.
10
12
14
0.10
5.32
7.80
8.00
8.03
6.27
3.54
0.20
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Initially contains Air:
P1 = 30 lbf/in^2
T1 = 540 °F
V1 = 4 ft^3
Second phase of process involving Air to a final state:
P2 = 20 lbf/in^2
V2 = 4.5 ft^3
Wheel transfers energy TO the air by WORK at 1 Btu.
Energy transfers TO the air by HEAT at 12 Btu.
Ideal Gas Behavior.
Determine energy transfer by work based on the air to the piston in
Btu.
Wpw
=-1 Btu
Ima
Q = -12 Btu
Air
Wpist
= ?
Initially, p₁ = 30 lbf/in.², T₁ = 540°F, V₁ = 4 ft³.
Finally, p2 = 20 lbf/in.², V₂ = 4.5 ft³.
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Please answer these 2 questions
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1. Where necessary, assume air as an ideal gas and consider R = 287 J/(kg.K), Cp = 1005 J/(kg.K), v =
718 J/(kg K)-
a) A nozzle is a device that is used to increase the velocity of a fluid by varying the cross-sectional
area. At the last section of a jet engine (Fig Q1.a, section 5), air with a mass flow rate of 50 kg/s
at a pressure of 500 kPa and a temperature of 600 K enters a nozzle with an inlet cross-sectional
area of 5 m2 The exit area of the nozzle is 20% of its inlet area. The air leaves the nozzle at a
velocity of 300 m/s. The nozzle is not well-insulated and during this process, 5 kl/kg heat is lost.
2 Compre
1 Conttnhanbe
Figure Q1.a: Schematic of a Jet engine.
(i)
In analysing this nozzle using the 1st law of thermodynamics, the change in which type of
energy is negligible?
(ii)
Determine the density and velocity of the air entering the nozzle.
(ii)
Calculate the density of the air as it leaves the nozzle.
(iv)
Determine the temperature of the air as it leaves the nozzle.…
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estion Completion Status:
QUESTION 26
Carbon dioxide (molar mass 44 kg/kmol) expands reversibly in a perfectly thermally insulated cylinder from 3.7 bar, 220 °C to
a volume of 0 085 m If the initial volume OCcupied was 0 02 m calculate the gas constant to 3 decimal places. Assume
nitrogen to be a perfect gas and take cv = 0 63 k J/kg K
QUESTION 27
High-P
Low-P
Lurh
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Please show your correct and complete solution to this problem. ASAP! Thank you.
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Thermodynamics - need help with part c and d
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I need handwritten solution.
Please don't use chatgpt.
Thermodynamics.
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5. A rigid tank of 1 m³ contains nitrogen gas (N2) at 600 kPa, 127 °C. By mistake someone let
0.5 kg of the gas flow out, the temperature dropped to 102 °C. MW = 28, k = 1.4
Determine the following
a. The resulting pressure; 506.8259 kPa
b. The remaining mass of N2 inside the tank. 4.5517 kg
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5. There are 3 kg/min of steam undergoing an isothermal process from 30 bar and 350 °C
to 7 bar. (note 1 bar = 100 kPaa). Find: a) AS (kJ/k), b) Heat transferred (kJ), c) AH
(kJ), d) AU (kJ)
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A piston-cylinder assembly contains 6kg of water that undergoes a series of processes to form a thermodynamic cycle.
Process 1-->2: Constant volume cooling from p;=3.0bar to p2=1.5bar and x2=0.728 to
Process 2-->3: Constant pressure expansion
Process 3->1: Polytropic compression with pv?=constant to the initial state
Kinetic and potential energy effects are negligible. To help organize given information and fix states 1 and 3, consider sketching a Pv diagram.
Evaluate the net work for the cycle in k). Enter a numeric value (don't type the units).
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1) One of the common devices used in Engineering is a nozzle to transfer fluids
such as air.
Assume a steady-state flow and air as an ideal gas with the following parameters:
Inlet:
Mass flow = 2.1 kg/s
V1 = 0.72 m³/kg
T1 = 600 K
A = 240 cm?
Outlet:
V2 = 2.7 m³/kg
A2 = 40 cm2
a) What is the air pressure at the outlet.
b) What is the velocity of the airflow at the inlet.
c) What is the velocity of air at the outlet.
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Water contained in a piston-cylinder assembly undergoes two processes in series (point 1 to point 2
and point 2 to point 3):
point 1: T1 = 100°C and P1 = 5bar
point 2: 71= 151.9°C and P2 = 5bar and v2 = 0.300
.300
m³
point 3: 73= 200°C and v3 = .300"
kg
Use the thermodynamic tables A.2, A.3, and A.4 to answer the following questions:
For questions 1, 3, and 5 choose from: subcooled water, saturated water, saturated liquid, saturated
vapor, superheated vapor
1) What is the thermodynamic state of water at point 1:
2- What is the specific volume of water at point 1:
3) What is the thermodynamic state of water at point 2:
4) What is the quality of water (x) at point 2:
3) What is the thermodynamic state of water at point 3:
4) What is the pressure of water at point 3:
(bar)
On paper draw points 1, 2, and 3 on the following P-v and T-v diagrams and show the two processes.
Add number values, units, and constant pressure or temperature lines if needed. Specify which table
you used to find…
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1. One pound of an ideal gas undergoes an isentropic process from 95.3psig and a volume of 0.6ft3 to a final volume of 3.6 ft3. If cp = 0.124Btu/lb-R and cv = 0.093 Btu/lb-R, determine the final temperature of the gas (°F) and the work done by the
gas (Btu). Draw a figure, or graph that will support the problem. Explain each step by step formula.
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10. Methane enters a compressor at 14 psia with a very low velocity and is compressed to 55 psia.
The entering methane has a density of 0.04 lb /ft. The methane leaves the compressor with a
velocity of 250 fps. The flow rate is 0.38 lb/s. Assuming a quasi-equilibrium process in which
pu133=constant, calculate the work done on the methane in hp.
m
m
[ans: -57.4 hp]
to Thermodynamics
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A fixed-mass system contains mass, m = 1.0 kg of air. A
thermodynamic process occurs from state one to state two, where
T₁ = 300 °K, P₁ = 100 kPa; T₂ = 2700 °K, P₂ = 204.9953251 kPa.
Determine S₂ - S₁ = m (S₂-S₁) in kJ / °K.
Note: You are required to assume constant specific heats in this problem, with
Cpo = 1.004 kJ/(°K * kg); for air, the gas constant is R = 0.287 kJ/(°K * kg).
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02
A- Find internal energy and enthalpy of superheated steam at 100 bar and degree of
superheating
of 110 °C?
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5. A rigid tank of 1 m³ contains nitrogen gas (N2) at 600 kPa, 127 °C. By mistake someone let
0.5 kg of the gas flow out, the temperature dropped to 102 °C. MW = 28, k = 1.4
Determine the following
a. The resulting pressure;
b. The remaining mass of N2 inside the tank. .
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COMPLETE SOLUTION PLS 4 DECIMAL PLACES
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Related Questions
- 6.6 Using the appropriate table, determine the indicated property for a process in which there is no change in specific entropy between state 1 and state 2. a. water, p. = 14.7 lbf/in², T₁ = 500°F, P₂ = 100 lbf/ in². Find T₂ in °F. 1017 b. water, T₂ = 10°C, x₂ = 0.75, saturated vapor at state 2. Find p, in bar. 6.897 c. air as an ideal gas, T₁ = 27°C, p. = 1.5 bar, T₂ = 127°C. Find p, in bar. 4.119 d. air as an ideal gas, T₁ = 100°F, P. = 3 atm, p₂ = 2 atm. Find T₂ in °F. 38.7 e. Refrigerant 134a, T: = 20°C, p. = 5 bar, p₂ = 1 bar. Find v₂ in m³/kg. o.188arrow_forwardInitially contains Air: P1 = 30 lbf/in^2 T1 = 540 °F V1 = 4 ft^3 Second phase of process involving Air to a final state: P2 = 20 lbf/in^2 V2 = 4.5 ft^3 Wheel transfers energy TO the air by WORK at 1 Btu. Energy transfers TO the air by HEAT at 12 Btu. Ideal Gas Behavior. Find T2 in Radians. Wpw =-1 Btu Ima Q = -12 Btu Air Wpist = ? Initially, p₁ = 30 lbf/in.², T₁ = 540°F, V₁ = 4 ft³. Finally, p2 = 20 lbf/in.², V₂ = 4.5 ft³.arrow_forwardInitially contains Air: P1 = 30 lbf/in^2 T1 = 540 °F V1 = 4 ft^3 Second phase of process involving Air to a final state: P2 = 20 lbf/in^2 V2 = 4.5 ft^3 Wheel transfers energy TO the air by WORK at 1 Btu. Energy transfers TO the air by HEAT at 12 Btu. Ideal Gas Behavior. Wpw =-1 Btu Ima Determine whether the propeller's work is done BY the system or On the system. Q = -12 Btu Air Wpist = ? Initially, p₁ = 30 lbf/in.², T₁ = 540°F, V₁ = 4 ft³. Finally, p2 = 20 lbf/in.², V₂ = 4.5 ft³.arrow_forward
- Include simple schematic , process digram , and assumptionarrow_forwardI only need number 4 please. Calculate the internal energy for each of the four stages given in Problem no. 3.arrow_forwardAn air bubble rises from the bottom of a well where the temperature is 25oC, to the surface where the temperature is 27o If the depth of the well is 5m and the atmospheric pressure is 101.325kPa, determine the following: Initial pressure inside the air bubble (P1). Volume of air bubble at state 1. Volume of air bubble at state 2. Percent increase in volume of the bubble.arrow_forward
- Q3. The data listed in the following table gives hourly measurements of heat flux q (cal/cm? /h) at the surface of a solar collector. As an architectural engineer, you must estimate the total heat absorbed by a 150,000-cm2 collector panel during a 14-h period. The panel has an absorption efficiency eab of 45%. The total heat absorbed is given by: h = eab q A where A = area and g = heat flux. 4 6. 10 12 14 0.10 5.32 7.80 8.00 8.03 6.27 3.54 0.20arrow_forwardInitially contains Air: P1 = 30 lbf/in^2 T1 = 540 °F V1 = 4 ft^3 Second phase of process involving Air to a final state: P2 = 20 lbf/in^2 V2 = 4.5 ft^3 Wheel transfers energy TO the air by WORK at 1 Btu. Energy transfers TO the air by HEAT at 12 Btu. Ideal Gas Behavior. Determine energy transfer by work based on the air to the piston in Btu. Wpw =-1 Btu Ima Q = -12 Btu Air Wpist = ? Initially, p₁ = 30 lbf/in.², T₁ = 540°F, V₁ = 4 ft³. Finally, p2 = 20 lbf/in.², V₂ = 4.5 ft³.arrow_forwardPlease answer these 2 questionsarrow_forward
- 1. Where necessary, assume air as an ideal gas and consider R = 287 J/(kg.K), Cp = 1005 J/(kg.K), v = 718 J/(kg K)- a) A nozzle is a device that is used to increase the velocity of a fluid by varying the cross-sectional area. At the last section of a jet engine (Fig Q1.a, section 5), air with a mass flow rate of 50 kg/s at a pressure of 500 kPa and a temperature of 600 K enters a nozzle with an inlet cross-sectional area of 5 m2 The exit area of the nozzle is 20% of its inlet area. The air leaves the nozzle at a velocity of 300 m/s. The nozzle is not well-insulated and during this process, 5 kl/kg heat is lost. 2 Compre 1 Conttnhanbe Figure Q1.a: Schematic of a Jet engine. (i) In analysing this nozzle using the 1st law of thermodynamics, the change in which type of energy is negligible? (ii) Determine the density and velocity of the air entering the nozzle. (ii) Calculate the density of the air as it leaves the nozzle. (iv) Determine the temperature of the air as it leaves the nozzle.…arrow_forwardestion Completion Status: QUESTION 26 Carbon dioxide (molar mass 44 kg/kmol) expands reversibly in a perfectly thermally insulated cylinder from 3.7 bar, 220 °C to a volume of 0 085 m If the initial volume OCcupied was 0 02 m calculate the gas constant to 3 decimal places. Assume nitrogen to be a perfect gas and take cv = 0 63 k J/kg K QUESTION 27 High-P Low-P Lurharrow_forwardPlease show your correct and complete solution to this problem. ASAP! Thank you.arrow_forward
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