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Critical Analysis of the United Flight 232 Crash
1
United Flight 232 Crash: A Critical Analysis of Technical Failures in Aircraft
Maintenance
Haley Burns
Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
BURNS
2
Abstract
The United Flight 232 crash, which occurred on July 19, 1989, is a tragic incident that
stands as a stark reminder of the catastrophic consequences that can result from a failure to
follow technical guidance in aircraft maintenance. This research project aims to critically analyze
the accident, shedding light on its contributing factors and the lapses in maintenance procedures
that played a pivotal role.
BURNS
3
United Flight 232 Background
United Flight 232 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight from Denver to Chicago
operated by a McDonnell Douglas DC-10. The aircraft experienced a catastrophic failure of its
tail-mounted engine while cruising at an altitude of 37,000 feet. The failure was caused by the
disintegration of the fan disk in the tail engine, leading to the loss of hydraulic fluid and
subsequent loss of control over the aircraft.
Contributing Factors
Faulty Fan Disk Design
The root cause of the accident was identified as a manufacturing defect in the fan disk of
the tail engine. The flaw, undetected during routine inspections, eventually led to the catastrophic
failure. The critical analysis should delve into the specifics of this design flaw, emphasizing how
it went unnoticed during maintenance checks.
Inadequate Inspection Procedures
The research project should explore the maintenance and inspection procedures in place
at the time of the accident. It is crucial to examine whether these procedures were sufficient in
detecting the manufacturing defect and whether any lapses in adherence to technical guidance
occurred during routine maintenance.
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