changestomedicaleducation2

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Capella University *

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BHA4002

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Medicine

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Dec 6, 2023

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docx

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Changes in Medical Education Vanesa Navar Capella University BHA4002: History of the United States Health Care System Chanadra Whiting October 28, 2023 1

Introduction Medical Profession has seen tremendous changes. Patients anticipate that physicians will be flexible and knowledgeable enough to handle the increasing number of jobs required of them. I intend to elaborate on the changes that have been made to medical education between the 1800s and the present in this paper. Second, explain the history of the internships and compare it with the traditional forms of medical education. Finally, consider how important it is to understand the background of medical education and how it might help prepare future medical professionals. The Changing Scope of Medical Education Throughout history, medicine has undergone major changes to become what it is now. These improvements have helped the advancement of medicine in how we educate physicians. While we are amazed by the volume of information that medical students need to acquire, let’s consider the evolution of medical education from the 1800s to the present. John Morgan established the country’s first medical school in 1765. The University of Pennsylvania replaced the Philadelphia College of Medicine (Slawson, 2012). Preceptors taught medical students in the 1800s with little to no supervision or structure. Prospective medical students needed to fulfill the following prerequisites in order to receive a degree in the medical field: They must have completed two years of formal education and three years of training, and be at least 21 years old (Slawson, 2012). Each semester’s duration was sixteen-weeks. The schools did not require for students to take prerequisites or entrance exams (Slawson, 2012). 2

Today’s schools are not like the ones from the 1800s. Today medical students must obtain a four-year bachelor’s degree before being considered for admissions to a medical program. Once the future medical student is accepted the program they must take and pass the Medical College Admission Test. Once started in the medical program, the student will have demanding coursework and demanding clinical residency that involves rotations through different medical specialties. Finally, after achieving all these prerequisites, the medical student will need to pass the United States Medical Licensing exam (Dezee, et al., 2012). Apprenticeship Models vs. Academic Model Describe Both Models Two of the main components that have influenced medical school standards today are academic approaches and apprenticeships. Each of these models creates a framework for professional development by providing future medical students with possibilities for growth and education. The apprenticeship concept gives medical students hands-on experience in a clinical setting. With the hands-on experience student can foster the development of problem-solving abilities and build knowledge of medical problems. An experienced practicing physician will supervise medical students during their apprenticeship. William Osler thought that medical students should devote more time in clinical settings than . Osler established the first residency program at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine (Buja, 2019). The academic model places a strong emphasis on task-driven assessments and lecture-based instruction (DeZee, et el., 2012). In 1910, Abraham Flexner wrote a report on changes to medical school requirements and curriculum in both the US and Canada 3

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