Chapter 1-3 test review
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Apr 3, 2024
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DEH 1011 Dental & Medical Emergencies
What is the best way to anticipate a potential medical emergency?
o
The taking and reviewing of an adequate medical history is the best strategy to follow for preventing medical emergencies in dental practice settings. / follow up with open-ended questions
Know all the parameters for ASA classifications, including blood pressure and treatment considerations.
ASA Class o
1 – healthy, no dental considerations
o
2 – mild disease; can treat, give consideration to certain procedures
o
3- mod to severe disease; limits activity; can treat give consideration to certain procedures
o
*hypertension 1 and 2 are class 3 o
4- sever with threat to life – delay treatment
o
5- needs surgery in 24hrs to life– delay treatment
o
6- dead – harvest the organs o
ASA ___-E = emergency Vital Signs
o
BP
- Normal 120/ 80
Pre 120-139 & 80-89
Stage I 140 or 90-99
Stage 2 140-159 or 100-109
Stage 3 180/ 110 = crisis o
HR
- 60- 80 ;
radial in clinic, carotid for emergency
BELOW 50 – bradycardia
ABOVE 120 - tachycardia Possible cardiac emergency
o
Respiration- 14- 20
o
Temperature – 96.8-99.5
What can cause tachycardia? – anxiety, exercise
Know the signs of ACTIVE TB = persistent cough >3 wks; produces blood
What does a positive Mantoux Skin test mean?
o
meaning only that the bacillus has stimulated the immune system to develop antibodies against the bacillus.
Know the levels of the Hierarchy of Controls
o
Eliminate, substitute, engineering controls, administrative controls; PPE * see homework for def/examples
What are the vitals that does not allow for any dental treatment?= too high bp, tachycardia, o
BP- 160/100
o
Pulse- 100 o
Breath over 28 is abnormal; over 60= med emergency o
Temp – depends on origin; if of dental origin = treat it
How is COVID transmitted?
o
Airborne droplets
What is the treatment if a patient faints? Know the signs of pre, syncope, and post syncope :
Management of Syncope
o
Place client in supine position with feet raised
o
Monitor vital signs, assure open airway, breathing, and circulation
o
Observe for recovery
o
Administer oxygen or ammonia stimulants for prolonged recovery
Pre-syncope:
o
Facial paleness, Perspiration, feelings of warmth, Nausea, Increased pulse rate
Syncope:
o
Yawning ,Dilated pupils, Feeling cold, Dizziness, Hypotension, Low pulse rate
Post-syncope
o
Facial pallor, Nausea , Weakness, Disorientation
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