HW6 Part2

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Oklahoma State University *

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1014

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Physics

Date

Dec 6, 2023

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pdf

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2

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HW6 Part 2 [10 pts] + BONUS [8 pts] If you use the word document to enter your answers, please use bold font for your answers so that the graders can easily discern your answers from the questions. a) What are Newton’s Three Laws of Motion? [3 pts] b) What is the formula for Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation? Please explain what each of its five variables represent. [3 pts] c) Based on your formula in part (b), how does gravity change as distance between the two bodies increases? [1 pt] d) Equate Newton’s 2 nd Law of Motion to Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation. [1 pt] What term can be found on both sides of the equals sign and therefore cancels out? [1 pt] What does this say about how bodies fall towards the surface of the Earth (assume air drag can be ignored here)? [1 pt] BONUS ON NEXT PAGE!! 1. An object at rest tends to stay at rest, and an object in motion tends to stay in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced external force. 2. The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force applied to it and inversely proportional to its mass. 3. For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation is a fundamental law of physics that describes the gravitational force between two objects with mass. F represents the gravitational force between two objects. G is the gravitational constant, a constant of proportionality that determines the strength of the gravitational force m1 and m2 are the masses of the two objects that are experiencing the gravitational attraction. m1 is typically the mass of one object (e.g., a planet), and m2 is the mass of the other object (e.g., a satellite). r is the distance between the centers of the two objects. It represents the separation between the two masses. The gravitational force ( F) between two objects decreases as the distance (r) between the centers of these two objects increases. This relationship is described by the inverse square law, which means that the force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance. F net =F gravity The term that can be found on both sides of the equals sign and therefore cancels out is the mass ( m) of the object experiencing the gravitational force. This cancellation occurs because the same mass appears on both sides of the equation. This equation essentially states that when objects fall toward the surface of the Earth, the net force acting on them is the gravitational force, and this force causes them to accelerate at a rate equal to the acceleration due to gravity.
BONUS – worth 8 pts to be added to your HW Part 2s B1) What is white light? [2 pt] B2) Why does white light appear white to our eyes? [2 pt] B3) Why does red light appear red to our eyes? [2 pts] B4) Please explain why a red t-shirt appears to be red. Make sure you discuss how light interacts with it. [2 pts] A type of visible light that is a combination of all the colors of the visible spectrum White light appears white to our eyes because it contains all the colors of the visible spectrum, and our eyes perceive this mixture of colors as white due to the way our retinas and visual processing system respond to different wavelengths of light. Red light appears red to our eyes because it predominantly consists of photons with longer wavelengths that stimulate the L-cones in our retinas. These cones are specialized to detect longer wavelengths and send signals to our brain, resulting in the perception of the color red. A red t-shirt appears red because its fabric contains pigments or dyes that selectively absorb shorter wavelengths of light (e.g., green and blue) while reflecting longer wavelengths (red). The red wavelengths of light are detected by our eyes and interpreted by our brain as the color red. This interaction between the t-shirt and light is the basis for the perception of color in everyday objects.
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