Expansion of Universe Worksheet-1

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Clemson University *

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1040

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Physics

Date

Dec 6, 2023

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pdf

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Uploaded by ElderKookaburaPerson1026

Worksheet Expansion of the Universe These lab activities have evolved over years of use in Clemson University’s Department of Physics and Astronomy general astronomy laboratory. Contributors include Tom Collins, Mark Leising, Neil Miller, Peter Milne, Grant Williams, Donna Mullenax, Jessica Crist, Keith Davis, Amber Porter, Lea Marcotulli, and David Connick. Please direct all questions, complaints, and corrections to David Connick (dconnic@clemson.edu) who is responsible for all errors and omissions. Name: Insert a copy of your data table here. Insert a copy of your plot here.

1) List the coordinates of the point on the far right of your best fit line here. Include the units for each coordinate. Distance: 36.308 Velocity: 5409.94 2) Using the trendline of the plot, record the Hubble Parameter here. Recall the Hubble parameter is just the slope of the line. Using the trendline of the plot, the Hubble Parameter is 79.6. 3) Record the velocity of an 800Mpc distant galaxy here. Include units. The velocity of an 800 Mpc distant galaxy is 63,409 km/s. 4) What is the distance of an 800 Mpc galaxy in units of km? Include units. The distance of an 800 Mpc galaxy in km is 2.469*10^22 km. 5) How long has the 800 Mpc distant galaxy been traveling in units of seconds? Include units on your answer. The 800 Mpc distant galaxy has been travelling 3.894*10^17 seconds. 6) How long has the 800 Mpc distant galaxy been traveling in years? Include units on your answer. In years, the 800 Mpc distant galaxy has been travelling around 1.236*10^10 years. 7) If the rate of expansion was greater in the past than it is today what does that tell us about the age of the universe you calculated in question 6? Is it a minimum age, a maximum age? Explain. (HInt: think about what would happen to your travel time in the car if you drove faster the first part of the trip than the final part) This would mean that the age of the universe is older than the age calculated. It would mean this because we are calculating the age using the same distance but with a slower speed; therefore, the ratio would be thrown off and the time would actually be much larger than we are estimating. This means the universe would be older than expected and the age calculated would be a minimum age. 8) With the current knowledge that the rate of expansion is increasing, how will that affect future civilizations calculations of the age of the universe using this method? Will they find an age greater than or smaller than what we calculate? Explain. 9) Since the velocity will be increasing and they will make calculations based on the current velocity that they measure at the time and assume that this velocity is consistent throughout

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