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San Diego State University *

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182B

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Physics

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Dec 6, 2023

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Rachel Shimberg Physics 182B October 3, 2023 CQ Ohm’s Law 1. Identify the concepts that are most relevant to this week’s lab. Start by thinking about any laws, theories, equations, or physical phenomena. If there are equations that are important during the week’s lab, write them down and discuss what they mean. Use the lab manual as a resource, but don’t just copy down what is written in the theory section. You are free to use the internet to gather additional information to help in discussing the Theory. This week's lab takes a deep dive into the complex relationship between voltage drop across metallic materials and the corresponding current flowing through them. Ohm's law, established in the equation V=IR is the principle that serves through series and parallel circuit analysis, we can uncover the resistance hidden within them. To break down the equation, “V” represents the voltage drop across the metal, showing a direct correlation to the current “I”. “R” stands as the representation of resistance in this electrical equation. Our experimental setup introduces resistance through resistors in both series and parallel circuit configurations. In the series circuits, resistance unfolds through a process of simple addition, each resistor adding its part to the total resistance. The parallel circuit presents a more complex calculation, involving the sum of the reciprocals of individual resistances, making our study of electrical resistance a bit more complicated. With the knowledge of voltage, current and resistance we were able to start the experiment of cicurts and conductivity. 2. Identify the experimental parameters and their connection to the laws, theories, equations you described previously. Experimental parameters include independent/dependent variables, measurements taken during the experiment, and observations during tests. Essentially, what did you physically do during the lab? And how does it connect back to the principles of the lab? In this experiment, we used PASCO to measure the average current in metallic wires. We plugged in some numbers into the computer system to get the actual current, experimental resistance, and the percentage difference between what we measured and what we expected. Using these values, we figured out the total resistance in both series and parallel circuits after throwing in some resistors. This ties back to the main idea of the lab, Ohm's law, which works out resistance based on current and voltage drop in metals as a whole. 3. Identify some of the simplifications, limitations, assumptions, that are associated with the concepts you discussed above. Discuss the experimental error that comes with the lab and how it affects your measurements. For example, what were some things that made the measurements you made deviate from the theory you expected? um
In this lab, we were dealing with extremely low levels of current, leading to fluctuations and changes in our readings. When the recorded value is not connected to any device, it does not settle at zero, challenging the predictions of the experiment. To accommodate this non-zero starting point, we took note and subtracted this it from our recorded current measurements. Due to this modification, the calculated theoretical values ended up exceeding our observed measurements in the laboratory. To add to this, we encountered a block with the experimental system. We couldnt generate 15 volts, we were able to only have an output of 14.873 volts. It introduces an additional confusion to our experiments when the intended voltage differs from the actual output. 4. Summarize your thoughts from the first 3 questions. Answer the question of, “Why did I measure a specific parameter in a particular way?” What was the ultimate goal(s) of the lab? Connect at least one aspect of the lab to a scenario outside of the lab (real-life application). Finally, what troubles did you run into the lab (if none, then just say that)? Our experiments were recorded using the PASCO computer system, as it allowed us to quickly observe the differences between parallel and series circuits when resistors are incorporated. In order to calculate the resistance of the circuits, we used the results from PASCO. We learned Ohm's law through this experiment, which can be applied in a variety of real-life applications. For example the Ohm’s law can be applied when you change the speed of a fan in your home or through a mobile charger. Through the experimentation, we did not run into any major problems besides the amount of voltage that the equipment could produce and the zero value not actually coming out to being zero.
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