Zaria Jenkins- ProjectileSimDirns

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Physics

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Dec 6, 2023

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From The Physics Classroom’s Physics Interactives http://www.physicsclassroom.com Projectile Simulation Purpose: The purpose of this activity is to analyze the nature of a projectile's motion and to explore a variety of questions regarding projectile motion. Procedure and Questions: 1. Navigate to the Projectile Simulator page and experiment with the on-screen buttons in order to gain familiarity with the control of the animation. The launch speed, launch height and launch angle can be varied by using the sliders or the buttons. A trace of the object's motion can be turned on, turned off and erased. The vector nature of velocity and acceleration can be depicted on the screen. The animation can be started, paused, continued, single-stepped or rewound . And finally, the time of flight, the horizontal displacement, and height are displayed during the course of the animation. After gaining familiarity with the program, use it to answer the following questions. Section 1: For Horizontally Launched Projectiles: Raise the launch height to about 50 meters and adjust the launch angle to 0 degrees. Conduct several trials to answer the following questions. 2. Use the language of mathematics to describe the path or trajectory of a projectile. Projectile motion refers to the movement of an object along a curved path that is symmetrical on both sides, forming a shape similar to a parabola. This path that the object takes is known as its trajectory. Projectile motion can happen when an initial force is applied to the object at the start of its trajectory, and subsequently, the only factor influencing its movement is the force of gravity. 3. During the course of a trajectory, is the horizontal component of the velocity a constant or a changing value? __ Constant _________ If it is a changing value, then describe its changes (increasing, decreasing, or ...). 4. During the course of a trajectory, is the vertical component of the velocity a constant or a changing value? ___ Increases ___________ If it is a changing value, then describe its changes (increasing, decreasing, or ...). ©The Physics Classroom, All Rights Reserved This document should NOT appear on other websites.

From The Physics Classroom’s Physics Interactives http://www.physicsclassroom.com 5. Describe the acceleration of a projectile - direction, constant or changing magnitude, etc. Be complete. Direction: The acceleration acts downward, opposite to gravity. Magnitude: The acceleration remains constant throughout the motion, typically around 9.8 m/s² near the Earth's surface. Vertical Acceleration: It is constant and equal to the acceleration due to gravity, affecting the vertical velocity. Horizontal Acceleration: There is no acceleration in the horizontal direction, resulting in a constant horizontal velocity. Independence of Components: Vertical and horizontal accelerations are independent. Vertical acceleration affects vertical motion, while horizontal acceleration is zero, leading to unchanged horizontal velocity. In summary, the acceleration of a projectile in projectile motion is a constant downward force in the vertical direction, while there is no acceleration horizontally. 6. As a projectile falls vertically, it also travels horizontally. Is the distance which it falls vertically effected by its horizontal velocity? ______ NO _______ In the space below, display some collected data which clearly support your answer. Discuss how your data provide support for your answer. Given that the initial horizontal displacement (x) is 127.78 m, we can see that the ball does not reach the specified x-displacement. This suggests that the ball does not complete its flight and falls vertically from the starting platform. To summarize the calculated data: Initial horizontal velocity (Vx): 40 m/s Initial vertical velocity (Vy): 0 m/s Time (t): 3.195 s Total horizontal displacement (x): 0 m 7. A classic mind-bender: If a ball is dropped from rest from an elevated position at the same instant that a second ball is launched horizontally (from the same height), then which ball will hit the ground first? Assume the balls behave as projectiles. In this scenario, both balls will hit the ground at the same time. Despite their different initial motions, the horizontal and vertical motions of a projectile are independent. The second ball, launched horizontally, will maintain its horizontal velocity while also falling vertically due to ©The Physics Classroom, All Rights Reserved This document should NOT appear on other websites.

From The Physics Classroom’s Physics Interactives http://www.physicsclassroom.com gravity. The first ball, dropped vertically, falls straight down without any horizontal motion. Since both balls experience the same gravitational acceleration and their horizontal motion doesn't affect their vertical motion, they will reach the ground simultaneously. Section 2: For Angle Launched Projectiles: Return the launch height to ground level. Conduct several trials to answer the following questions. 8. Consider questions 2-5 in the previous section of this lab (horizontally launched projectiles). Would launching a projectile at an angle effect any of the answers which you provided earlier? Consider path or trajectory, horizontal velocity (v x ), vertical velocity (v y ) and acceleration. Be thorough and organized as you answer your questions. Yes, launching a projectile at an angle would indeed affect several aspects of the projectile's motion, including its path or trajectory, horizontal velocity (Vx), vertical velocity (Vy), and acceleration. The path or trajectory of the projectile follows a parabolic curve. The horizontal velocity (Vx) remains constant and can be calculated using Vx = v * cos(θ). The vertical velocity (Vy) changes continuously, reaching zero at the highest point and increasing in the downward direction. Vy = v * sin(θ). The horizontal acceleration (Ax) remains zero unless external horizontal forces are present. The vertical acceleration (Ay) is constant and equal to -g, the acceleration due to gravity. Launching the projectile at an angle introduces both horizontal and vertical components of velocity, resulting in a curved trajectory and changes in the velocity components throughout the motion. 9. At what point in the projectile's trajectory is the velocity vector entirely horizontal (i.e., the vertical component of velocity is zero)? _ 127.78m _________ If necessary, slow the simulation down using the Pause and Single Step (>>) buttons. 10. TRUE or FALSE : The acceleration of projectile is 0 m/s/s at the peak of the trajectory. Identify the evidence which supports your answer. At the peak of a projectile's trajectory, the vertical component of velocity becomes zero. However, the acceleration due to gravity remains constant and acts vertically downward throughout the entire motion. This is because gravity is the primary force acting on the projectile. Therefore, even at the peak, the acceleration of a projectile is not zero, but equal to the acceleration due to gravity (-g) in the vertical direction. ©The Physics Classroom, All Rights Reserved This document should NOT appear on other websites.

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