- Unit 5 -- Week 5 (2nd Semester) -- Physics in the Universe

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85/100 SLO 03/11/2024 Signed // Shannon Oetinger // Physics in the Universe Unit 5 -- Week 5 (2nd Semester) Assignments - Waves, Matter, and the Earth Capital City - Mrs. Oetinger 1. Textbook Reading Assignment In your textbook, review as needed the chapter entitled “Waves, Matter, and the Earth”, pages 135-148. 2. Chapter Review - Waves, Matter, and the Earth Key Terms - Amplitude , Wavelength, Frequency, decreases, directly, Radio waves, Microwaves, Infrared lights, Visible light waves, Ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, Gamma rays, Speed of light, Crest, Trough, Intensity Review Reviewing Key Terms Use the correct key term to complete each of the following sentences. 1. _Amplitude_ measures the intensity of a wave. 2. When frequency increases, the length of the __wavelength__ decreases. 3. An example of energetic waves having small wavelengths and high frequency are __gammarays__ . 4. The top of a wave is called the _crest_. 5. The number of waves that pass a given point per unit of time is the __frequenecy__. 6. The __wavelenght__ refers to the distance between two adjacent crests of a wave. Reviewing Main Ideas : Highlight or underline the correct answers below . 1. What is the wavelength of light waves if their frequency is 5.0 x 10 14 Hz and the speed of light is 3 x 10 8 m/s? a. 0.60 m X b. 6.0 mm c. 0.060 mm d. 0.60 μm 2. What data supports the idea that Earth’s outer core is liquid??

85/100 SLO 03/11/2024 Signed // Shannon Oetinger // a. Seismic data b. Ultraviolet data c. Nonionizing radiation d. The speed of light 3. The wave with the most energy is– a. sound. b. UV. c. gamma. d. X-ray. True/False Questions Answer the questions below by highlighting/underlining either “True” or “False”. 1. When light or longer-wavelength electromagnetic radiation is absorbed in matter, it is generally converted into thermal energy (heat). True/False 2. Longer-wavelength electromagnetic radiation (ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays) can ionize atoms and cause damage to living cells. True /False 3. Electromagnetic radiation is a type of energy released by stars, consisting of electric and magnetic waves traveling at the speed of light. True/False 4. When positively charged particles are being removed from an atom, positively charged ions are created. True/ False 5. Visible light cannot be used to see objects such as individual atoms True/False Making Connections: 1. An original signal’s frequency is halved by a resistor, and no other part of the wave was affected. Determine the change in the amplitude of the signal. Frequency would only affect the period and phase, but not the amplitude. 2. As a wave moved from one medium to another, there was a change in the wave’s speed. If the frequency of the wave does not change, what property of the wave must change, causing the change in speed?

85/100 SLO 03/11/2024 Signed // Shannon Oetinger // wavelength must change to account for the change in speed. Open-Ended Response: 1. Explain why ionizing radiation is dangerous. it can cause damage to the cells and genetic material 2. Compare and contrast X-rays and gamma rays. Both X-Rays and gamma rays refer to waves in the electromagnetic spectrum. Due to the principle of wave-particle duality, these waves can also be thought of as “particles” called photons. X-rays typically have longer wavelengths than gamma, but this is not always the case: sometimes, waves of similar wavelengths may be referred to as “X-rays” or “gamma”. There is no consensus on how to precisely differentiate between X-rays and gamma rays. However, they are often differentiated using their origin. In this sense, the main difference between X- rays and gamma rays is that gamma rays are produced during nuclear decay by nuclei of atoms, whereas X-rays are produced by electrons. For instance, for medical purposes, X-rays are produced by accelerating some electrons and then making them collide with a metal target. 3. Which wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation pose the greatest health risk? Explain. The most dangerous frequencies of electromagnetic energy are X-rays, gamma rays, ultraviolet light and microwaves. Unit 5 Quiz (This is an open-book, open-note quiz!) Vocabulary Matching - Match the terms on the left to the correct definitions. 1. _D_ Electromagnetic radiation 2. _C_ Ionization 3. _B_ Gamma rays A. Fundamental particle carrying a quantum of energy B. Radiation resulting from nuclear decay C. Addition or removal of an electron

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