Primary Sources of the Enlightenment

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Florida International University *

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Political Science

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Feb 20, 2024

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docx

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Primary Sources of the Enlightenment Read the excerpt from John Locke . 1. According to John Locke, why do people unite to form communities and governments? - According to John Locke, people unite to form communities and governments to maintain their natural state of freedom and their rights to life, liberty, and property. 2. When should people disobey or rebel against the government? - When the government endeavors to take away or destroy the life, liberty, or property of the people. 3. In what ways do you think the ideas expressed by John Locke influenced Western political thought? - I think Locke influenced the Western political thought by founding the basic rights of a human being which are life, liberty, and property, which are still the most basic and important rights a human being should have anywhere around the world. Read the excerpt from Thomas Hobbes . 1. According to Thomas Hobbes, why is war such a bad thing? - Because war makes things uncertain and there’s no place for business or prosperity so culture and knowledge is lost due to war. 2. What type of government do you think Thomas Hobbes would want? Explain, and BE SPECIFIC. - I believe Thomas Hobbes wanted an absolute monarchy because he says that men should give up their freedom and power should be absolute to keep men in awe. Read the excerpt from Montesquieu . 1. According to Montesquieu, what are the three kinds of power in every government? What does each one of these powers do? - According to Montesquieu, the three kinds of power in every government are the legislative, which creates laws and amends the ones that have already been created; the executive, which maintains public security by enforcing laws; and the judicial, which punishes criminals and settles disputes between individuals. 2. In what ways do you think the ideas expressed by Montesquieu influenced Western political thought? - The ideas expressed by Montesquieu influenced the US Constitution and the branches of government.
Read the excerpt from Rousseau . 1. According to Rousseau, how does a government create by the Social Contract work? - A government created by the Social Contract unites all the people together in the general will and every man is given its freedom to all and everyone acquires the same power. 2. According to Rousseau, how does a man keep his freedom under a government created by the Social Contract - Through this Social Contract, man keeps as many of the freedoms he received from nature as possible. Each man, by giving his freedom to everyone, gives his freedom to no one. Read the excerpt from Mary Wollstonecraft . 1. What does Wollstonecraft mean when she says, “I do not wish for them to have power over men, but over themselves”? Explain. - Wollstonecraft means that she doesn’t wish women to have more power than men than to have power and control over themselves and be able to have their own freedoms and rights. 2. In what ways do you think the ideas expressed by Wollstonecraft influenced Western political thought? - Wollstonecraft influences the feminist movement and the fight for equal rights between men and women.
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