The Start of WII

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University of Phoenix *

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Political Science

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Feb 20, 2024

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The Start of WII World War II, one of the most devastating conflicts in human history, was ignited by a complex interplay of political, economic, and ideological factors. Here are some key points on what started WWII: 1. Treaty of Versailles: The harsh terms imposed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles after World War I sowed the seeds of resentment and economic instability in Germany. The treaty's provisions, including massive reparations payments, territorial losses, and military restrictions, fueled nationalist sentiments and undermined the stability of the post-war order. 2. Rise of Totalitarian Regimes: In the 1930s, Europe witnessed the rise of totalitarian regimes, most notably Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler and fascist Italy under Benito Mussolini. These regimes sought to expand their influence and territory through aggressive foreign policies and military conquests. 3. Expansionist Policies: Hitler's expansionist ambitions, outlined in his concept of Lebensraum (living space) for the German people, aimed to unify all ethnic Germans under German rule and establish German dominance in Europe. Hitler's annexation of Austria (Anschluss) in 1938 and the subsequent occupation of Czechoslovakia demonstrated his willingness to challenge the post-World War I order. 4. Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact: The signing of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union in August 1939 shocked the international community. The pact included a secret protocol dividing Eastern Europe into spheres of influence, paving the way for the invasion and partition of Poland. 5. Invasion of Poland: On September 1, 1939, Germany launched a full-scale invasion of Poland, marking the beginning of World War II. The invasion triggered a swift response from Britain and France, who declared war on Germany in defense of Polish sovereignty. 6. Failure of Appeasement: The policy of appeasement pursued by Western powers in the face of Nazi aggression ultimately failed to prevent war. The Munich Agreement of 1938, which allowed Germany to annex the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia, emboldened Hitler and demonstrated the limitations of appeasement as a strategy for preserving peace. 7. Global Conflict: World War II quickly escalated into a global conflict, drawing in nations from Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas. The Axis powers, led by Germany, Italy, and Japan, sought to expand their territories and impose their ideologies through military force. 8. Ideological Clashes: The clash of ideologies between democratic and authoritarian regimes fueled the intensity of the conflict. The Allies, including the United States, Britain, the Soviet Union, and China, rallied against the Axis powers in defense of freedom, democracy, and human rights. In summary, World War II was sparked by a combination of aggressive expansionism, ideological conflicts, and the failure of diplomatic efforts to maintain peace. The legacy of the war continues to shape global politics, economics, and society, underscoring the importance of international cooperation, diplomacy, and the preservation of peace in preventing future conflicts.
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