Diagnostic Exam AP GOVT

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University of Wisconsin, Green Bay *

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101

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Political Science

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Feb 20, 2024

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docx

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Uploaded by wildflowersinthewoods

Practice Questions 01.00 Diagnostic Exam 1 . We, whose names are underwritten, the Loyal Subjects of our dread Sovereign Lord King James, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, etc. Having undertaken for the Glory of God, and Advancement of the Christian Faith, and the Honour of our King and Country, a Voyage to plant the first Colony in the northern Parts of Virginia; Do by these Presents, solemnly and mutually, in the Presence of God and one another, covenant and combine ourselves together into a civil Body Politick, for our better Ordering and Preservation, and Furtherance of the Ends aforesaid. ... —The Mayflower Compact, 1620 Which fundamental principle of American democracy is reflected in both this excerpt and the Declaration of Independence? A. Equality B. Republicanism C. So cial contract D. Limited government 2.Based on the table, what might be a reason for the Anti-Federalists to oppose the national government proposed in the Constitution? Population of U.S. in 1790 (approx.) Population of New Bedford (CT) in 1790 Time to travel to New York (nation's capital in 1790) from Connecticut Time to walk to center of New Bedford 3,900,000 3,000 1 week 1-2 hours A. It might favor certain states on issues that concern all of the states. B. It might not meet as often due to distance that a representative had to travel. C. It might not be as open to suggestions as the state governments would be. D. It might ignore state-level interests and focus only on national concerns. 3 . Having thus laid down and discussed the principles which ought to regulate the constitution of the federal judiciary, we will proceed to test, by these principles, the particular powers of which .... it is to be composed. ... First. To all cases in law and equity, ARISING UNDER THE CONSTITUTION ... what is meant by "cases arising under the Constitution," ... All the restrictions upon the authority of the State legislatures furnish examples of it. They are not, for instance, to emit paper money; ... The judiciary authority of the Union is to extend:

Second. To treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the United States, and to all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls. These belong to the fourth class of the enumerated cases, as they have an evident connection with the preservation of the national peace. Third. To cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction. These form, altogether, the fifth of the enumerated classes of causes proper for the cognizance of the national courts. —From Federalist No. 80 Which of the following constitutional principles is common in both the excerpt and Federalist No. 51? A. Federalism B. Judicial review C. Checks and balances D. Enumerated powers 4 . Which pair represents a case in which the balance of power between the federal government and state government shifted, and the constitutional clause through which the court's decision was justified? Case Justification (A) Engel v. Vitale (1962) Equal protection clause (B) Brown v. Board of Education (1954) Establishment clause (C) Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) Due process clause (D) Roe v. Wade (1973) Necessary and proper clause (A) (B) © (D)

5. This map depicting exceptions to minimum legal drinking ages by state in 2016 illustrates the balance of state and federal powers as one in which: A. the federal government can mandate state policies B. the federal government can give up powers that it previously claimed C. states have powers not otherwise claimed by the federal government D. states have powers that they give up to the federal government 6. The data shown in the graph reflects citizens' concerns regarding protections provided in which of the following amendments? A. Fourth Amendment B. Fifth Amendment C. Sixth Amendment D. Eighth Amendment 7 . The Amendment Process To propose: To ratify: ● Amendment is proposed by 2/3 of both the House and Senate (only method ever used) OR ● 2/3 of the states petition for a national convention ● 3/4 of states vote to approve the amendment OR ● 3/4 states call a special convention to ratify (used only once) What conclusion can be drawn about the amendment process in Article V of the Constitution based on the infographic? A. State conventions are held often to ratify constitutional amendments.

B. Proposals to amend the constitution are guaranteed to be ratified if they pass through both houses of Congress. C. Ame nding the Constitution is a difficult process that takes considerable time and the approval of Congress and the states. D. When proposing an amendment to the constitution, states must hold convention before the proposal can be considered by Congress. 8. The State of Maryland proposed to create its own banking system. The federal government intervened and banned the state from creating a new bank. The state sued the federal government, and the case went to the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court ruled against the state. Which constitutional clause supports the Supreme Court's decision against the State of Maryland? A. Ne cessary and proper clause B. Commerce clause C. Equal protection clause D. Guarantee clause 9. The president can check the power of Congress by vetoing legislation. What must Congress do if it wishes to overturn the veto? A. Vote assent in both chambers by a plurality B. Vote assent in both chambers by a simple majority C. Vote asse nt in both chambers by a two-thirds majority D. Vote assent in both chambers by the majority of the president's party 10. The U.S. Supreme Court hears a case regarding a federal medical care insurance law that requires the states to abide by the provisions without providing funding to do so. On what constitutional grounds might a person or group have brought the challenge to the law to the Supreme Court? A. The president vetoed the law and is upset that Congress overruled this veto. B. A sta te legislature believed that its reserved powers were violated by the law. C. Congress was unhappy with the final language of the law and wants to amend it. D. A congressman who was absent when the law was voted on wanted to have his voice heard. 11. Which of the following statements is true about the amendment process to the Constitution? A. A proposal is generated in the House, and the approval is conducted by the Senate. B. A proposal is generated from state conventions and approved by a two-thirds majority of Congress. C. A proposal is generated from the Senate and approval comes from three-fourths vote of state conventions.

D. A proposal is generated either by a two-thirds vote of Congress or convention of states, with approval stemming from a supermajority from states or state ratifying conventions. 12. The Supreme Court's decision in Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) incorporated which provision of the Bill of Rights? A. Fourth Amendment—protection from illegal seizures B. Fourth Amendment—protection from warrantless searches C. Sixth Amendment—right to face witnesses D. Si xth Amendment—right to legal counsel 13. A person creates an online social media post showing people outside protesting the results of an election. The post also details how local police shut down the protest. The post garners a lot of attention. Subsequently, a group of citizens starts a lawsuit claiming that the shutdown violated the First Amendment rights of the protesters. If the case proceeded to the Supreme Court, what would the judges take into consideration to make their ruling? A. The age of the protesters B. The location of the protest C. The citizenship status of the protesters D. Whether there was formal media coverage 14. For yet more imperative reasons, a State may punish utterances endangering the foundations of organized government and threatening its overthrow by unlawful means. These imperil its own existence as a constitutional state. Freedom of speech and press ... does not protect disturbances to the public peace or the attempt to subvert the government. It does not protect publications or teachings which tend to subvert or imperil the government or to impede or hinder it in the performance of its governmental duties. [...] In short, this freedom does not deprive a state of the primary and essential right of self preservation; which, so long as human governments endure, they cannot be denied. —From the Majority Opinion, Gitlow v. New York, Justice Sanford, 1925 In the text, Justice Sanford and the majority give final and conclusive importance to which of the following aspects of the Fourteenth Amendment? A. The individual's protection of constitutional rights through selective incorporation B. The individual's freedom to subvert government C. The limits on freedom of speech for naturalized citizens D. The ext ent of due process limitations on state legislatures 15. What do the changes brought about by the Women's Rights Movement indicate about social movements? A. They have had limited success in creating change. B. They have become more effective with each new generation. C. They h ave used constitutional provisions to justify change. D. They have had success resisting changes to policy.

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