Intro to CP Chapter 12 1x

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Parliamentary, presidential, and semi-presidential democracies CGG chapter 12 Holger L. Kern Department of Political Science Fall 2023
classifying types of democracy • Democracies can be classified into three types: I Presidential. I Parliamentary. I Semi-presidential. • Whether a democracy is parliamentary, presidential, or semi-presidential depends on the relationship between (a) the government, (b) the legislature, and (c) the president (if there is one). 2 / 50
classifying types of democracy Classifying Parliamentary, Presidential, and Semi-Presidential Democracies F IGURE 12.1 DEMOCRACIES No: PRESIDENTIAL DEMOCRACIES Yes: 2. Is the head of state popularly elected for a fixed term in office? 1. Is the government responsible to the elected legislature? Yes: SEMI-PRESIDENTIAL No: PARLIAMENTARY Source: Cheibub, Gandhi, and Vreeland (2010). 3 / 50
classifying types of democracy • Is the government responsible to the elected legislature? I If no, then the democracy is presidential. I If yes, then the democracy is either parliamentary or semi-presidential. • Legislative responsibility refers to a situation in which a legislative majority has the constitutional power to remove a government from office without cause. • The mechanism that the legislature can use to remove a government is called the vote of no confidence. 4 / 50
vote of (no) confidence • A vote of no confidence is initiated by the legislature; if the government does not obtain a legislative majority in this vote, it must resign. • A constructive vote of no confidence must indicate who will replace the government if the incumbent government loses a vote of no confidence. • A vote of confidence is initiated by the government; if the government does not obtain a legislative majority in this vote, it must resign. 5 / 50
classifying types of democracy Classifying Parliamentary, Presidential, and Semi-Presidential Democracies F IGURE 12.1 DEMOCRACIES No: PRESIDENTIAL DEMOCRACIES Yes: 2. Is the head of state popularly elected for a fixed term in office? 1. Is the government responsible to the elected legislature? Yes: SEMI-PRESIDENTIAL No: PARLIAMENTARY Source: Cheibub, Gandhi, and Vreeland (2010). 6 / 50
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