Chapter 12 Review Questions

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Chapter 12 Review Questions **Short answer replies require a minimum of at least 100 words per reply ** 1 . Many at the Continental Congress were skeptical of allowing presidents to be directly elected by the legislature because ________. A. they were worried about giving the legislature too much power B. they feared the opportunities created for corruption C. they knew the weaknesses of an electoral college D. they worried about subjecting the commander-in-chief to public scrutiny 2 . Which of the following is a way George Washington expanded the power of the presidency? A. He refused to run again after serving two terms. B. He appointed the heads of various federal departments as his own advisors. C. He worked with the Senate to draft treaties with foreign countries. D. He submitted his neutrality proclamation to the Senate for approval. 3 . How did presidents who served in the decades directly after Washington expand the powers of the presidency? One way that a president who served in the decades directly after Washington expanded the powers of the presidency was when John Adams expanded the war powers of the president by waged a war without a formal declaration of war by congress. This expanded the powers of the president because the constitution says that congress shall have the power to declare war, not the president. Another example of the president expanding the power of the presidency was when Thomas Jefferson negotiated the purchase of the Louisiana Territory by the United States from France. This expanded the power of the president because nowhere in the constitution does it say that the president has the power to buy land from a foreign country. Another example was when James Monroe took direct control over foreign policymaking when he issued his Monroe Doctrine. 4 . What factors contributed to the growth of presidential power in the twentieth century? One of the factors that contributed to the growth of presidential power in the twentieth century was the Great Depression. In response to the economic crisis that was affecting the whole country, President Roosevelt got his New Deal passed which expanded the power and influence of the president in several different ways. One such way was the creation of the National Recovery Administration, an organization that held influence and set regulations for large parts of the economy that the executive branch had considerable influence over. Another factor that contributed to the growth of presidential power in the twentieth century was the Cold War. With the start of it, congress started to expand the president's power by creating organizations like the National Security Agency, National Security Council, And Central Intelligence Agency, all of which are under control of the executive branch. 5 . How did the election of 1824 change the way presidents were selected?

A. Following this election, presidents were directly elected. B. Jackson’s supporters decided to create a device for challenging the Electoral College. C. The election convinced many that the parties must adopt the king caucus as the primary method for selecting presidents. D. The selection of the candidate with fewer electoral votes triggered the rise of party control over nominations. 6 . Which of the following is an unintended consequence of the rise of the primary and caucus system? A. Sometimes candidates unpopular with the party leadership reach the top. B. Campaigns have become shorter and more expensive. C. The conventions have become more powerful than the voters. D. Often incumbent presidents will fail to be renominated by the party. 7 . What problems exist with the Electoral College? There are several problems that exist with the Electoral College. One of them is that smaller states are overrepresented in the Electoral College compared to the larger states. With each state guaranteed at least three electoral votes, it means that the smaller states have more votes per person compared to the larger states. Secondly, with the current setup of the Electoral College, the elections almost always come down to a small group of competitive swing states getting all the attention and campaign resources and promises with the rest of the country basically being ignored. And thirdly, the electoral college results can differ from the national popular vote due to the distribution of electoral votes across the states meaning that a president can be elected without receiving a majority of votes cast. 8 . The people who make up the modern president’s cabinet are the heads of the major federal departments and ________. A. must be confirmed by the Senate B. once in office are subject to dismissal by the Senate C. serve two-year terms D. are selected base on the rules of patronage 9 . A very challenging job for new presidents is to ______. A. move into the White House B. prepare and deliver their first State of the Union address C. nominate and gain confirmation for their cabinet and hundreds of other officials D. prepare their first executive budget 10 . How do presidents work to fulfill their campaign promises once in office? One of the ways that presidents work to fulfill their campaign promises once in office is to set priorities for their administration. One of President Biden’s campaign promises during his 2020 presidential campaign was to get the coronavirus pandemic under control. And he worked to expand the nation's access to the coronavirus vaccine but making it free to every person in the

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