PLS Paper Final

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Apr 3, 2024

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1 Alexander Parish International Relations, PLS 241 Professor Smith 3/15/2024 The Role of the United Nations in Shaping Global Politics The United Nations or UN is a key international organization founded in 1945 as a direct result of the second world war, in order to emphasize and promote cooperations among nations and resolve conflicts around the globe. Through its General Assembly and Security Council, the UN gives a balanced platform for conversion, negotiation, and the ability to maintain international peace and security. Furthermore, it advocates for sustainable development through the use of Sustainable Development Goals or SDG’s and delivers humanitarian aid through the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and the World Food Programme (WFP). With these institutions the United Nations has been dedicated to international law and justice, and the UN preserves human rights and to resolve conflict. Regardless of the complexity the United Nations is still key for maintaining and promoting peace, security, development, and human rights around the globe. The United Nations has a multifaced role in shaping international politics and international policies, because of diplomacy, peacekeeping efforts, humanitarian aid, and global governance. One of the main purposes of the United Nations is to serve as a level playing ground for global diplomacy, diplomatic negotiations, and conflict resolutions. With five permanent members and ten members that rotate, it helps outline and address conflicts and to maintain the peace between nations (Patrick). Through diplomatic efforts concerning peace and security the UN can successfully be a mediator in conflicts, prevent conflicts, and assist in organizing peace

2 agreements. It was through the use of diplomatic efforts, the UN has established a presence in conflicts, preventing wars, and formatting peace agreements in many key regions, such as the Middle East, Africa, and Slavic States (United Nations, “United Nations”). These peace keeping agreements is the UN involvement in the Middle East played out during the 1993 Oslo Accords, between Israel and The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), which emphasized a step towards a resolution for the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict. In Africa, the UN deployed troops for peacekeeping efforts and the diplomatic efforts to help resolve the conflicts in African nations such as Sudan, South Sudan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Somalia. All countries where there has been civil war and destabilization within the region. In addition, in the Slavic nations, the UN backed proposals like the 1995 Dayton Accords, which played a crucial role in ending the Bosnian War. The United Nations diplomatic efforts and peacekeeping attempts to highlight and outline its commitment to global stability, and allowing multilateral cooperations to follow international law, and help to address conflicts that affect global peace. The peacekeeping efforts of the United Nations plays a key role in the UN’s ability in order to maintain global peace and security. By deploying troops and establishing missions to conflict zones such as Rwanda, Bosnia, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. As the United Nation attempts to increase stability within violent regions, protect civilians, and organize peace treaties (United Nations, “United Nations Peacekeeping”). Even when facing the challenges and critics, these peacekeeping efforts have been essential for the UN in preventing violence and outlining a long term peacekeeping efforts. Throughout the years, UN peacekeepers have stepped into conflicts. One of these times was during in 1994 during the Rwandan genocide, the United Nation Assistance Misson for Rwanda (UNAMIR) provided humanitarian aid, protected civilians, and supported peace efforts after the conflict had been resolved. In

3 Bosnia, the United Nation Protection Force (UNPROFOR) assisted in stabilizing the region and offering humanitarian aid throughout the Bosnian War. Lastly, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission (MONUSCO) played a significant role in the protecting of citizens, supporting the government, and promoting stability during the conflict. (United Nations, “United Nations Peacekeeping”). Even though many of the peacekeeping efforts of the UN have had their critics, the UN peacekeeping efforts and operations remain both essential and important for laying the groundwork for long term peacekeeping efforts and preventing increased violence within conflict heavy regions. Going far beyond diplomacy and conflict resolution, the United Nations plays a key role when providing humanitarian aid and assistance to countries and regions that have been affected by natural disasters, conflicts, and poverty. It was through agencies like the United Nations Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the World Food Programme (WFO), and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). From offering emergency shelters, food, and healthcare to millions of people across the globe, it is these agencies that attempt to relieve the pressure from regions following a humanitarian crisis. Moreover, the UN highlights the causes through initiatives like the SDGs, which aims to reduce poverty, battle inequality, and protect the planet. Ensuring prosperity for all by 2030 (OCHA). By offering sustainable development and promoting growth, the UN contributes to building adaptable communities and addresses the main causes of instability. These SDGs benefit global cooperation, due to them guiding efforts to create a more successful and impartial world. Principally, the UN’s multifaced efforts in humanitarian aid and assistance offers a more sustainable development that is a more peaceful and productive future for the world.

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